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Egypt has reduced gas flaring by 26% since 2016 through targeted capture projects, yet it remains the world's 12th largest flarer. The report identifies a theoretical opportunity to recover up to 3.7 BCM of gas annually, which could add $7 billion to the economy and reduce emissions by 88 million CO2-equivalent tonnes. It highlights specific 'gas to pipeline' and 'gas to power' projects as commercially viable models that can be deployed within 9-18 months. The authors advocate for a data-led approach using satellite tracking to prioritise interventions and call for increased international investment and government coordination to eliminate routine flaring.

The report analyzes methane emissions from LNG liquefaction, transport, and regasification, as well as small-scale distribution. It identifies key emission drivers such as fugitive leaks, boil-off gas (BOG) management, incomplete combustion in power generation and flaring, and gas-freeing during maintenance. The document provides a comprehensive set of best practices, including Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) programs, the use of dry-disconnect couplings, reliquefaction units, and vapor recovery systems to minimize the climate impact of the LNG supply chain.

The document analyzes methane abatement in Argentina's oil and gas sector, identifying a technical abatement potential of 32% of estimated emissions using four key technologies. It highlights that while many measures are low-cost or net-positive when gas is monetized, deployment is hindered by a fragmented regulatory framework and economic instability.

The document highlights that methane is approximately 80 times more potent than carbon dioxide over 20 years and contributes to half a degree of warming to date. In the UK, methane represents about 13% of net greenhouse gas emissions, with agriculture (58%), waste (31%), and energy (12%) as the primary sources. The UK is a signatory to the Global Methane Pledge, aiming for a collective global reduction of at least 30% by 2030 from a 2020 baseline. Analysis suggests the UK could reduce its methane emissions by at least 43% by 2030 through specific actions: implementing a methane action plan for agriculture (including feed additives and slurry management), banning oil and gas flaring by 2025 and tackling leaks in the North Sea, and banning biodegradable waste in landfills while improving biogas capture.

The report details the environmental and social harms of offshore oil and gas, from seismic exploration and production to transportation and decommissioning, asserting that these activities exacerbate the triple planetary crises of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss.

The guide outlines a framework for deploying capital to reduce methane and flaring in the oil and gas sector, with a particular focus on National Oil Companies (NOCs). It provides detailed recommendations for selecting eligible projects, quantifying emissions, and establishing credible KPIs and sustainability performance targets (SPTs) aligned with the IEA's Net Zero Scenario. The document also specifies requirements for external verification and reporting to prevent greenwashing.

The document analyzes Nigeria's struggle to balance its economic reliance on oil and gas with climate ambitions. It highlights the risk of 'carbon lock-in' through policies like the Petroleum Industry Act and the fiscal vulnerability of sub-national governments. It proposes shifting from a natural-resource-dependent model to one based on high-value manufacturing and services, leveraging renewable energy and critical minerals like lithium. Key recommendations include developing multi-sectoral transition policies, securing international climate finance, and implementing social protections for displaced workers and the Niger Delta region.

The document provides a technical overview of shale gas and oil extraction, focusing on hydraulic fracturing (fracking). It details drilling methods such as vertical, horizontal, and rotary drilling, and explains the composition of fracking fluids, including the use of water, surfactants, and biocides. Additionally, it describes wellbore casing for aquifer protection and the processes of venting and flaring of natural gas.

The document highlights the 'corporate impunity' of global companies, citing examples of environmental destruction and human rights violations in Nigeria, Colombia, and El Salvador. It argues that voluntary corporate responsibility codes are insufficient and that existing international agreements, such as investor-to-state dispute settlement (ISDS) processes, protect corporate profits over human rights. The text advocates for a binding UN treaty to close the gap in international law regarding cross-border corporate activities.

The fact sheet advocates for a legally binding international treaty to end corporate impunity, arguing that voluntary self-regulation is ineffective. It highlights severe environmental and social damages caused by transnational corporations in Nigeria, Colombia, Brazil, Mozambique, and El Salvador, specifically citing oil extraction, mining, and palm oil production as drivers of human rights violations and ecological destruction.

The fact sheet advocates for a binding UN Human Rights Treaty to close the gap in international law where corporations escape accountability for cross-border activities. It contrasts the strong legal protections afforded to corporate rights via free trade agreements and investor-to-state dispute settlement (ISDS) with the lack of legal recourse for victims of corporate abuse. The document provides examples of corporate misconduct in El Salvador, Nigeria, Colombia, and Indonesia, highlighting issues such as water pollution, gas flaring, land-grabbing, and deforestation, while arguing that voluntary corporate responsibility codes are insufficient.

The document evaluates Nigeria's macroeconomic recovery strategies following the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing their compatibility with the nation's goal of achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. While the National Development Plan (NDP) and Economic Sustainability Plan (ESP) include green initiatives—such as solar electrification and climate-smart agriculture—the author notes a lack of clear implementation tracking and a persistent reliance on oil-led growth. The brief recommends removing fossil fuel subsidies, expanding blended finance, and prioritizing gender-responsive climate-smart agriculture to ensure a sustainable green recovery.

Nigeria's Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) establishes a pathway to net-zero emissions by 2060. The strategy analyzes four decarbonization scenarios—Business As Usual (BAU), Current Policy Scenario (CPS), Gas Economy Scenario (GES), and Renewable Energy Scenario (RES)—concluding that the RES, supported by international aid (RES+), offers the most promising balance of low emissions and economic growth. The report details sectoral mitigation measures for power, AFOLU, industry, transport, and waste, alongside a comprehensive adaptation framework to protect the economy, particularly the agriculture sector, from climate-induced GDP losses. Implementation relies on policy, financial, and technological innovations, including carbon pricing and the establishment of a National Climate Change Fund.

The document argues that the potential emissions from reserves held by the 200 largest public fossil fuel companies (at least 1,541 GtCO2) significantly exceed the remaining global carbon budget for a 2°C temperature rise (986 GtCO2). It identifies a gap in current reporting, noting that financial standards focus on reserve size while GHG standards focus on historical emissions. To address this, the paper recommends a methodology using the Petroleum Resource Management System and the Committee for Mineral Reserves International Reporting Standards to quantify reserves, adding internal fuel use and losses from flaring, venting, and fugitive activities, and excluding projected carbon storage from CCS projects.