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Liberia's first Adaptation Communication (ADCOM) to the UNFCCC aims to strengthen adaptation action and visibility while balancing it with mitigation. The document summarizes Liberia's national climate circumstances, future projections, and vulnerabilities, while outlining priorities and goals for key sectors including agriculture, coastal zones, health, forestry, and fisheries. The ADCOM was developed with assistance from the NAP Global Network and funding from the United Kingdom's Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO).

The document examines how corruption and elite capture undermine the equitable distribution of conservation benefits in Kenya. It analyzes three primary conservation approaches—protected wildlife areas, community conservancies, and community forest associations—identifying systemic issues such as revenue leakages, lack of transparency in tourism operator accounts, and the failure to operationalize legal benefit-sharing requirements. The report argues that while legal reforms since 2010 have created a framework for equity, the absence of subsidiary regulations and the persistence of institutional silos allow corruption to thrive. It recommends the adoption of integrated revenue systems, the enforcement of subsidiary guidelines, and the use of multi-stakeholder platforms to improve accountability and ensure that local communities receive fair compensation and benefits.

Laos is highly vulnerable to climate change but has low per capita emissions, with the transport sector being the primary source of CO2. While the government has set ambitious goals to increase forest cover to 70% and expand hydropower, these policies risk negatively impacting the livelihoods of the 70% of the population working in agriculture and forestry. The report identifies significant barriers to a just transition, including low awareness of the concept among policymakers, limited governmental capacity, data gaps, and a heavy reliance on external financing. It recommends improving cross-governmental coordination, enhancing data collection, and establishing participatory mechanisms to engage poor and marginalised communities in climate planning to ensure equitable benefit-sharing.

The report examines the intersection of climate change mitigation and social equity in Laos. While the country has low emissions and high hydropower capacity, its climate goals—such as increasing forest cover to 70%—risk harming the 70% of the population dependent on agriculture and forestry. The document argues that a 'just transition' requires inclusive planning, benefit-sharing mechanisms, and improved government capacity to prevent the further marginalization of poor and vulnerable communities.

The report examines how a 'just transition'—ensuring the costs of moving to low-carbon societies are fairly distributed—can be applied in the Global South. Through studies in nine countries, it identifies systemic barriers such as high rates of informal labour, insecure land tenure, and a lack of socio-economic data. It argues that international climate finance is currently too focused on technical transitions and must be broadened to support the social and economic needs of affected communities, including re-skilling and social safety nets.

The report examines the 'just transition' in Malawi, focusing on agriculture and forestry. While Malawi's climate policies do not explicitly mention 'just transition', some elements of the NDC and Malawi 2063 align with it. However, risks exist, such as the potential for agricultural mechanisation and commercialisation to marginalise smallholders without secure land tenure. In forestry, efforts to curb illegal charcoal production may cause energy poverty and livelihood loss for the poor if alternative energy and income sources are not provided. The report emphasizes that external support is critical, as 78% of the NDC's emissions reductions are conditional.

The report finds that climate finance for AFOLU sectors is severely underfunded, representing only 2.5% of total tracked climate finance in 2019/20. While overall trends were positive between 2013 and 2020, a 20% drop occurred between 2017/18 and 2019/20. The sectors require an estimated USD 423.4 billion annually by 2030 to align with the Paris Agreement, a nearly 26-fold increase over 2019/20 levels. Finance is dominated by public sources, with significant gaps in private investment and a stagnation in adaptation funding. Geographically, East Asia and the Pacific are the primary recipients, followed by Sub-Saharan Africa.

The Green Economy Climate Finance Database 2022, developed by GreenCape with support from the Western Cape Department of Economic Development and Tourism, tracks over 150 financing opportunities across approximately 125 stakeholders, with a total available value of ZAR 25 billion. The report identifies a market failure characterized by a mismatch between available climate finance and a bankable pipeline of projects, noting a particular scarcity of high-risk early-stage finance and venture capital in South Africa. While clean energy is the primary focus of available funding, the database covers eight financial instruments, including debt, equity, and grants, primarily targeting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and projects in the growth phase.

The report argues that while Uganda's COVID-19 recovery plans and budgets initially prioritised natural capital, actual financial releases have been insufficient. It highlights a gap between planned commitments and implementation, noting that green interventions are often sidelined during budget reprioritisation due to a perceived lack of short-term economic multiplier effects.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative examines how financial instruments for sustainable agriculture, forestry, and other land use (AFOLU) can leverage national regulations, government subsidies, and subsidized rural credit to overcome investment barriers and attract private capital.

The document analyzes three case studies from the Global Innovation Lab for Climate Finance to demonstrate how linking financial instruments to policy tools—such as national land-use regulations, insurance subsidies, and subsidized rural credit—can stimulate demand, identify project pipelines, and attract private capital. It provides specific design considerations to mitigate risks like market distortion, political instability, and 'leakage' of deforestation.

The document analyzes how socio-economic vulnerabilities—including gender, age, disability, and minority status—increase the risk and impact of climate-related hazards in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It highlights that disadvantaged groups are more likely to live in hazard-prone areas and lack the resources to adapt. The brief argues for inclusive policymaking and warns that both adaptation and mitigation strategies can lead to 'maladaptation' or detrimental socio-economic effects if not carefully designed to protect the most vulnerable populations.

The authors examine the deployment of AI, robotics, and sensor technology in agriculture, forestry, and marine resource extraction, noting that while these technologies are increasingly used for climate and environmental monitoring, systemic risks remain under-explored. The paper identifies four primary categories of systemic risk: algorithmic bias, unequal access, cascading failures, and trade-offs between efficiency and resilience.

The Adaptation Benefits Mechanism (ABM) is a results-based financing tool that uses grants to repay commercial investors based on third-party valuations of adaptation benefits. Launched in 2019 and running through 2023, the pilot phase aims to deploy USD 50 million, with the African Development Bank leading implementation. The mechanism is particularly suited for land use and forestry projects and requires the involvement of project beneficiaries in design and monitoring. While applicable globally, Ghana and Cote d’Ivoire are identified as the most supportive countries for proposing pilot projects.

The document argues that the choice of corruption definition—whether focusing on individual abuse of power or systemic institutional failure—fundamentally shapes the anti-corruption responses practitioners implement. It contrasts the 'principal-agent' theory, which emphasizes individual control and punishment, with 'collective action' approaches that address underlying social norms and trust. The author emphasizes that practitioners must account for their own 'positionality' and incorporate local knowledge, particularly in non-Western contexts, to develop effective remedies for corruption in natural resource sectors.

The Brazilian sustainable debt market has grown to a cumulative USD 10.8bn, with green bonds dominating at 84% of the market. Land use is a primary driver of this growth, representing 67% of total volume across green, sustainability, sustainability-linked, and transition labels. Forestry is the leading agriculture-related theme with USD 6.4bn in funding, followed by agriculture (USD 848m) and bioenergy (USD 832m). While non-financial corporates lead issuances, financial institutions and government-backed entities are increasingly entering the market. The document highlights the emergence of performance-linked instruments like Sustainability-Linked Bonds (SLBs) and transition bonds, though it notes concerns regarding transparency and the need for science-based transition pathways to avoid greenwashing.

The Brazilian sustainable debt market has grown to USD 10.8 billion, with green bonds dominating at 84% of the market. Land use is a primary driver, accounting for 67% of emissions across green, sustainable, sustainability-linked, and transition labels. The forestry sector is the most significant theme, led by pulp and paper companies like Suzano and Klabin. Bioenergy and agriculture are emerging sectors, while livestock remains a challenge but shows potential through transition bonds. The document highlights a significant investment potential of USD 163 billion for green agriculture in Brazil by 2030.

The 'Investment Readiness for the Landscape Resilience Fund' project aims to bridge the gap between private investors and SMEs implementing climate-resilient practices in sustainable agriculture, forestry, and nature-based solutions. By providing technical assistance, zero-interest loans, and matchmaking services, the project seeks to make at least nine SMEs 'investment-ready,' thereby unlocking private capital for climate adaptation in developing countries and Least Developed Countries (LDCs).

The lower Winnipeg River basin (LWRB) is characterized by a landscape dominated by forested land (76% cover) and Precambrian bedrock. The region's geology, featuring pink granodiorite, results in high water runoff toward Lake Winnipeg with low levels of nutrients and suspended sediments. Soil types are primarily clayey lacustrine, organic peat, and bedrock, with limited agricultural capacity, resulting in cropland accounting for only approximately 3% of the land cover.

The lower Winnipeg River basin (LWRB) has evolved from an ancient Indigenous travel and ceremonial route and a 17th-century fur trade corridor into a region defined by hydroelectric power, mining, and tourism. Key developments include the 1906 construction of the Pinawa dam, the establishment of the Pine Falls paper mill in 1926, and the creation of Whiteshell Provincial Park in 1961. The region's economic history is also marked by copper-nickel and lithium mining in the early 20th century and the transition from river-based transport to rail and road networks, including the Trans-Canada Highway.