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The author asserts that while climate change threatens to reduce global GDP by 14% by 2050, investments in clean energy could boost global GDP by 4% by 2030. The text emphasizes the need for a nine-fold increase in clean energy investment relative to fossil fuels by 2030 to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. It highlights the role of Temasek in funding technology-based and nature-based solutions and closing financing gaps for sustainable infrastructure in Asia through Pentagreen Capital. The author calls for visionary government policies to provide the clarity needed for private sector investment in renewables, electrification, and energy efficiency.

The Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment advocates for the Clean Electricity Regulations to ensure a net-zero electricity grid by 2035, emphasizing the need for interim targets and the removal of exemptions for emitting assets. The statement highlights that Canada's electricity sector was the sixth largest source of domestic greenhouse gas emissions in 2020, particularly in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Nova Scotia. It links the phase-out of coal and gas to significant health benefits, noting that coal causes severe respiratory and neurological issues, while gas plants are associated with adverse birth outcomes and increased hospital admissions for the elderly.

Reclaim Finance argues that major French banks are failing to support the energy transition, continuing to provide significant funding to fossil fuels while lacking transparent perimeters and sufficient targets for sustainable energy investment. The analysis highlights a gap between the banks' public references to the IEA's Net-Zero Emission scenario and their actual financial commitments, which do not meet the required 5:1 ratio of clean energy to fossil fuel investment by 2030.

Reclaim Finance argues that major French banks—BNP Paribas, Crédit Agricole, Société Générale, and BPCE/Natixis—are failing to support the energy transition. Despite referencing the IEA's Net-Zero Emissions (NZE) scenario, these banks continue to provide significant funding to fossil fuels (over US$ 47 billion in 2022 for the top 100 fossil fuel companies) and lack transparent definitions of what constitutes 'sustainable' or 'clean' energy. The report highlights that none of these banks have committed to the IEA-recommended 5:1 ratio of clean energy investment versus fossil fuel investment by 2030, nor have they established transparent perimeters that exclude non-sustainable solutions like biomass or waste-to-energy.

The Union of Concerned Scientists presents a framework of nine principles designed to make electric grid infrastructure planning in the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) region more equitable. These principles advocate for the prioritization of Indigenous rights, accountable decisionmaking, and procedural justice to prevent the replication of past harms. The guidance emphasizes shifting away from centralized fossil-fuel systems toward locally controlled clean energy resources, just sourcing of materials, and worker protections. It specifically calls for the adoption of the Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) standard for Indigenous communities and the implementation of social welfare metrics to benefit disadvantaged communities.

The 24/7 Carbon-Free Energy (24/7 CFE) Compact, launched in September 2021 at the United Nations High-Level Dialogue on Energy, aims to eliminate reliance on fossil fuels by moving beyond annual renewable energy matching to hourly, real-time matching of demand and carbon-free supply. Coordinated by SEforALL with support from Google, the Compact has grown to over 120 signatories, including governments, private companies, and academic institutions. The initiative supports a technology-inclusive approach, prioritizing storage, demand-side management, and the development of Granular Certificates to drive investment. Current and future efforts include a global study on policy and regulatory reforms to empower consumers and a working group exploring the role of green hydrogen in achieving 24/7 CFE.

In 2022, Türkiye's coal generation returned to its previous peak of 113.6 TWh, driven largely by imported coal, with Russia becoming the primary supplier and the import bill reaching a record $5.3 billion. While wind and solar combined for a 15.5% share of generation, solar deployment lags behind its potential and faces grid capacity barriers. Hydropower proved critical for energy security during a ten-day gas supply disruption from Iran in January 2022, demonstrating its flexibility as a complement to variable renewables.

The document outlines China's transition toward a "New Power System" as a means to reach peak carbon emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. It characterizes the current system by its reliance on coal, growing electricity demand, and the geographic distance between renewable sources and load centers. To transition, the report proposes a system defined by balanced green power development, large-scale energy storage, smart grids powered by AI and digital technology, and elastic demand for system balancing.

The Clean Air Task Force, The NorthBridge Group, and Green Strategies, Inc. argue that current greenhouse gas accounting rules are outdated and fail to incentivize the diverse portfolio of carbon-free energy (CFE) resources needed for full grid decarbonization by 2035. They recommend adopting a 'bottom-up' book and claim approach for energy attribute certificates (EACs) to prevent double counting and suggest a 'Carbon Facts' label to track both attributional emissions (associated with electricity use) and consequential avoided emissions (actual carbon reductions). The authors specifically urge CEQ to define the 50% hourly match goal by 2030 as either a minimum of 50% CFE in every hour or a high annual average of at least 80% hourly time-matching to ensure the development of firm CFE and storage resources.

ClientEarth and other NGOs argue that the draft Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework (TCTF) risks undermining the EU's climate goals due to a lack of mandatory green conditionalities, inconsistencies with the Guidelines on State aid for climate, environmental protection and energy (CEEAG), and a lack of transparency and public consultation.

Latin America possesses significant potential to lead in renewable energy, with over 319 GW of prospective utility-scale solar and wind capacity that could increase the region's current capacity by more than 460% by 2030. While Brazil, Chile, and Colombia are accelerating their buildouts and are on track to meet national targets, Mexico's progress has stalled due to policy shifts favoring state-owned fossil fuel entities. The report highlights the role of solar and wind in diversifying energy matrices to reduce reliance on drought-prone hydropower and the emerging economic opportunity of green hydrogen exports.

The document evaluates the transition to a western RTO, arguing it could streamline clean energy deployment, improve grid reliability, and reduce costs, while warning of risks regarding California's Renewables Portfolio Standard, gas plant retirements, and governance shifts.

The Rural Energy Savings Program (RESP), authorized by the 2014 Farm Bill, provides zero-interest loans to entities like electric cooperatives and green banks. These entities then offer low-cost financing to rural consumers for energy efficiency, renewable energy, and electrification projects, with repayments made via utility bills. Between FY 2019 and FY 2022, the program awarded between $69.6 million and $107.3 million in loans annually, leveraging discretionary funding authorized by the 2018 Farm Bill.

The Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC), Australia's green bank, uses an endowment-based model to provide concessional loans and equity to low-carbon projects. Since 2012, it has committed A$10.8 billion, leveraging a private-finance rate of 242 per cent and achieving over 200 megatonnes of CO2e reductions. While successful in crowding-in private investment and maintaining profitability, the CEFC faces risks of political interference via government-appointed boards and lacks specific targets for climate justice. The document suggests Canada's Canada Growth Fund and Canada Infrastructure Bank should adopt clear mission-driven mandates, target strategic institutional partners, and prioritize technical institutional knowledge.

The document examines the Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC), Australia's 'green bank', which uses public capital to crowd-in private investment for low-carbon technologies. It details the CEFC's financial instruments, its success in generating a positive return on investment and significant emission reductions, and its vulnerability to political shifts. The analysis concludes with strategic recommendations for Canada's Canada Infrastructure Bank and Canada Growth Fund based on the CEFC's ten-year experience.

In 2022, China experienced a dramatic surge in coal power project activity, permitting 106 GW of new capacity—the highest level since 2015. While 50 GW started construction, representing six times the capacity of the rest of the world combined, the trend is driven by rising peak electricity loads and a rigid grid paradigm. Despite claims that new plants are for "supporting" grid stability, evidence suggests they are intended for baseload use. This expansion occurs alongside record clean energy additions, but risks undermining China's carbon neutrality goals if it leads to a moderation of clean energy buildout or increased CO2 emissions.

The analysis argues that the UK's economic insecurity is rooted in neoliberalism, which prioritizes individual resilience over collective security. This is evidenced by underinvestment in public infrastructure, the sale of 2.5 million social houses between 1979 and 2022, and a lack of energy storage (four days compared to France's fourteen). In contrast, Finland's approach to housing, energy, and social policy—including a 'housing first' strategy and a basic income pilot—is presented as a model for restoring public confidence and wellbeing. The authors suggest that a cost-neutral universal basic income of approximately £60 per week for single adults could more than halve child and pensioner poverty in the UK.

The Luz en Casa Amazonia Microgrid Pilot Project in Copal Urco, Peru, replaced a diesel-fed system that provided only three hours of daily power with a 33.5-kWp solar PV station and 95-kWh lithium battery storage. Funded with EUR 185,000 by acciona.org, the project provides at least six hours of electricity daily to 60 households and 24-hour power to schools, a health centre, and a community centre. The initiative avoids 50 tonnes of CO2 emissions annually and utilizes a pay-for-service model where users purchase kWh at a local centre. The project also supports local commerce through cooling systems and enabled online education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The 2022 activities of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) show a sustained focus on climate change, with references appearing in 25 out of 33 State review processes. The Committee emphasized adaptation, mitigation, and the empowerment of children in policymaking, while specifically calling out the need for more ambitious emission reductions in developed nations like Germany. A significant portion of the CRC's work focused on the accountability of private actors in fossil fuel production and the extraterritorial obligations of States to protect children's rights abroad. Furthermore, the CRC developed a draft General Comment No. 26, which links a safe climate to the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment and advocates for the phasing out of fossil fuels.

The report utilizes the REPO and E3ME-FTT:Power models to project China's power sector transition. Both models predict the eventual dominance of wind and solar power, though they differ on the specific technology mix and cost trajectories. The analysis emphasizes that market-based pricing and a robust Emission Trading System (ETS) are critical for supporting carbon neutrality goals, while highlighting the essential role of large-scale energy storage and carbon capture technologies to maintain system stability and reach net-zero emissions.