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This policy brief analyzes the Green Climate Fund's (GCF) role as a primary financier for climate change adaptation in 2015. It outlines key tasks for the GCF to ensure effective, country-owned adaptation, including the scaling of direct access for national institutions, the piloting of 'enhanced direct access' through small grants, and the development of robust investment and accountability frameworks that avoid maladaptation.

This policy brief examines the 'direct access' and 'enhanced direct access' modalities for the Green Climate Fund (GCF), analyzing the institutional capacities required for developing countries to manage climate finance independently. It draws on the experiences of the Adaptation Fund and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) to identify barriers to accreditation—such as fiduciary standards and project management track records—and provides recommendations for the GCF Board to streamline access and support country ownership.

This policy brief by the Institute for Security Studies examines the Adaptation Fund (AF), its operational mechanisms, and its effectiveness in meeting the climate adaptation needs of African countries. It highlights the fund's unique 'direct access' modality and the challenges associated with its primary funding source, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).

This research paper by the World Resources Institute outlines lessons for national institutions in developing countries seeking "direct access" to climate finance from multilateral funds like the Adaptation Fund and the Green Climate Fund (GCF). It provides guidance on planning for engagement, navigating the accreditation process, and designing and implementing projects to enhance national ownership and reduce transaction costs.