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This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the current state, structure, and growth potential of the green bonds market in Africa, highlighting its current underdevelopment and the role of multilateral development institutions.

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute argues that sanitation is a critical but neglected component of climate action. It highlights the gap between the potential of sanitation to reduce climate vulnerability and the actual lack of integration in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and climate finance. The document outlines how sanitation services contribute to greenhouse gas emissions through anaerobic decomposition and energy-intensive treatment, while proposing a framework for better policy coherence through research, planning, and capacity development.

This perspective article examines the interactions between sanitation and climate change, highlighting the sector's role as a source of greenhouse gas emissions and the need for planning frameworks to integrate climate considerations into sanitation policy and programming.

This policy brief examines the disruption of 2020's planned 'Super Year for the Ocean' due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It argues that while key negotiations on biodiversity, fisheries subsidies, and climate change were postponed, the crisis provides an opportunity to shift toward a 'Green Stimulus Framework' and a systemic change in how the global community values and governs ocean resources.

A transcript of a March 2020 Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) webinar featuring experts discussing climate mitigation and resilience financing in Hawaii, with a focus on the role of green banks and community-led land preservation.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and the Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (GI-ESCR) synthesizes the work of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) regarding climate change up to 2020. It details the Committee's use of General Recommendations, Joint Statements, and the State reporting procedure to establish that States have human rights obligations to protect women from climate-related harms and ensure their participation in climate policy.

This report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and the Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (GI-ESCR) synthesizes the work of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) regarding climate change. It details the CRC's use of General Comments, the State reporting procedure, and the communications procedure to establish that States have legal obligations to protect children's rights—including the rights to life, health, and culture—against the impacts of global climate change.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER), representing groundWork and Earthlife Africa, submitted a formal statement to the Minister of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries opposing the proposed Musina-Makhado Special Economic Zone (SEZ), also known as the South African Energy and Metallurgical Special Economic Zone (EMSEZ). The CER argues that the project's environmental impact assessment (EIA) process is fatally flawed and that the project poses severe risks to water resources, air quality, and climate commitments.

The Lab, managed by the Climate Policy Initiative, launched six financial instruments in 2019 targeting climate mitigation and adaptation in developing countries. These instruments focus on blue carbon, sustainable agriculture, sustainable cities, and energy access, contributing to a total of 41 instruments that have mobilized nearly US$ 2 billion since 2014.

The Integrated Resource Plan (IRP 2019) is a strategic electricity infrastructure development plan for South Africa, designed to balance least-cost electricity supply and demand while considering security of supply and environmental impacts. The document updates the previous IRP 2010–2030 to reflect lower-than-expected GDP growth, declining electricity demand, and the deteriorating performance of Eskom's existing power plants.

This executive summary evaluates the progress of the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) five years after its 2014 inception. It concludes that achieving the 2020 targets is nearly impossible, as tropical deforestation continues at unsustainable rates and restoration efforts are too slow and often occur outside natural forests. While some governments and companies have taken action, these efforts are described as isolated and insufficient to catalyze systemic change.

This research paper proposes a methodology using "cross-impact balances" (CIB) to integrate global climate scenarios as external boundary conditions for regional and local scenario development, simplifying the process when global scenarios are stable.

This briefing by the NewClimate Institute analyzes potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pathways for Germany to align with the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C target. It evaluates three approaches—following IPCC global trends, avoiding negative emissions, and equity-based effort sharing—and concludes that current German government targets are insufficient to meet the 1.5°C limit.

The Doha Declaration on Climate, Health and Wellbeing, drafted in December 2012 by the Global Climate and Health Alliance, asserts that health must be a central priority in global and national policy responses to climate change. It argues that protecting human health is a primary motivation for climate action and calls for the integration of health impacts and co-benefits into all climate-related decisions, including mitigation and adaptation strategies.

This 2019 report by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and the Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (GI-ESCR) analyzes how United Nations human rights treaty bodies (HRTBs) are defining the obligations of States to protect human rights amidst climate change. The report focuses on the record level of engagement by HRTBs in 2018, detailing recommendations across adaptation, mitigation, procedural rights, and international cooperation, with specific syntheses for the committees focusing on women (CEDAW), economic, social and cultural rights (CESCR), and children (CRC).

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the role of public finance in mobilizing private investment for renewable energy in Indonesia. It evaluates eight public finance instruments used between 2012 and 2016, identifying significant financing barriers—such as high interest rates and a lack of long-term debt—and recommends strategic shifts toward using local development financial institutions and improved revenue support to meet the country's 2025 renewable energy targets.

This research paper introduces a method for calculating and attributing maritime shipping emissions by linking shipping manifests with Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. Using 2014 Brazilian exports as a case study, the paper demonstrates that shipping emissions for these exports added 5% to Brazil's World Bank reported CO2 totals, with iron ores and soybeans being major contributors.

This policy brief summarizes a three-year study using an ecosystem services framework to assess the environmental and socioeconomic trade-offs of biofuel production and household use in Malawi, Mozambique, and Swaziland.

This article argues that the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement must explicitly address the phasing out of fossil fuel production to keep global warming well below 2°C. It suggests that mapping a transition away from fossil fuels under the UNFCCC process would increase the effectiveness and ambition of international climate mitigation.

This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative explores the synergies between green bonds and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), arguing that climate mitigation and adaptation are essential for achieving the 2030 Agenda. It identifies six specific SDGs that benefit directly from green bond investment and emphasizes the need for climate risk disclosure across all thematic bond labels to ensure long-term sustainability.