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The assessment finds that the proposed MRT system in Pampanga, consisting of four bus rapid transit lines and one light rail transit line, provides significant societal value. While traditional benefit-to-cost ratios (BCR) suggest the project is not investment-worthy at 0.62 or 0.63, the sustainable BCR (S-BCR) is 1.72. Over a 30-year period from 2023 to 2053, the project is estimated to generate a cumulative discounted net benefit of PHP 360.3 million (USD 6,402 million). The most significant impacts are the avoided costs of traffic accidents (PHP 239.7 million), time savings (PHP 182,367 million), and avoided vehicle operating costs (PHP 109,988 million).

The SAVi assessment concludes that a sustainable infrastructure scenario—combining railway expansion and sustainable buildings—would generate a cumulative discounted net benefit of KZT 2,424 billion (USD 5,259 million) between 2022 and 2050. While a traditional benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 0.82 would suggest the project is not investment-worthy, the sustainable benefit-cost ratio (S-BCR) is 8.53 when accounting for societal and environmental externalities. The most significant economic driver is the value added from freight trade, totaling KZT 2,452 billion (USD 5,319 million), assuming a 60% shift from road to rail transport. The report recommends prioritizing electrified rail and energy-efficient buildings to reduce CO2 emissions and operational costs, noting that solar power is cheaper than fossil fuel generation for the project's energy needs.

The SAVi assessment of the Tirana-Durres railway project in Albania demonstrates that while the project is not economically viable based on traditional financial metrics, it provides substantial societal benefits. The project, estimated to cost EUR 58.78 million, is projected to generate cumulative discounted net benefits of EUR 270.34 million between 2023 and 2053. The most significant gains come from avoided vehicle operating costs (EUR 96.78 million) and health benefits from reduced air pollution and increased physical activity (EUR 44.93 million). The sustainable benefit-cost ratio (S-BCR) is 4.25 (or 4.79 in Table 1), compared to a conventional BCR of 0.12.

The SAVi assessment of the Uchkuduk-Kazakhstan Border Highway in Uzbekistan indicates that while the project has a low traditional benefit-cost ratio of 0.18, its sustainable benefit-cost ratio (S-BCR) is significantly higher at 1.38 to 1.95. The project is expected to generate cumulative discounted net benefits between USD 230 million and USD 567 million over a 30-year period (2022-2052), driven primarily by public revenues from raw materials trade and avoided traffic accident costs.

The SAVi analysis demonstrates that while a coal power plant appears more profitable under a Business-as-Usual (BAU) scenario, the offshore wind farm becomes the superior financial option when externalities and climate risks are integrated. Specifically, accounting for externalities reduces the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for offshore wind to EUR 65 per MWh compared to EUR 171 per MWh for coal. When physical risks (1.5°C temperature increase) and transitional risks (a carbon tax of EUR 16.27/MWh) are added, the coal plant's internal rate of return (IRR) drops to 0%, while the wind farm maintains an IRR of approximately 17%. The analysis also estimates that the offshore wind project would create 2,780 full-time equivalent jobs.

The paper examines the transition of Africa's clothing and textile industry from a linear to a circular model. It identifies three primary opportunities: promoting sustainable inputs (such as regenerative cotton and alternative fibers), 'greening' the garment manufacturing process to gain a competitive advantage, and transforming the influx of second-hand clothing into a value-added recycling and upcycling industry. The author emphasizes that without a proactive policy approach and investment in technology and infrastructure, African nations risk missing economic opportunities and failing to comply with upcoming EU eco-design regulations.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) argues that the Internet Governance Forum (IGF) should integrate sustainable development into its New Delhi agenda. The proposal highlights the ICT industry's carbon footprint, the need for inclusive participation of the world's poor, and the potential for multi-stakeholder governance models to improve global environmental governance. It cites increasing global attention to climate change and the role of ICTs in both contributing to and mitigating environmental degradation as key drivers for this thematic shift.

The report examines the environmental impact of the ICT sector, specifically regarding energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and the global e-waste trade. It contrasts these negative effects with the potential for ICTs to drive economic growth and support a 'green economy' through improved resource efficiency, dematerialisation, and systemic social transformation. The text highlights the disproportionate burden of e-waste on developing nations and identifies critical policy challenges, such as rebound effects and unintended consequences of digital openness.

The SAVi assessment of Bogota's Sustainable Transport Strategy—comprising the TransMilenio BRT, non-motorized transport (NMT) infrastructure, and the under-construction Metro de Bogota MRT—indicates a cumulative discounted net benefit of USD 12,237 million. While a traditional benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 0.6 suggests the project is not economically viable based only on tangible costs and revenues, the sustainable BCR (S-BCR) is 4.5 when accounting for wider externalities. The largest added benefit is increased retail revenues around stations (USD 5,941 million), followed by health benefits (USD 2,177 million) and increased property values (USD 1,895 million). The MRT system alone represents an investment of USD 5 billion and is expected to serve 1.05 million passengers daily by 2030.

The report 'Fuelling Failure' argues that fossil fuel dependence makes it impossible to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by driving climate change and causing widespread pollution. It details specific negative impacts across all 17 SDGs, including pushing 122 million more people into extreme poverty by 2030 and causing 8.7 million premature deaths annually from air pollution between 2012 and 2018. The authors propose a Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty to end new exploration, equitably phase down existing production, and accelerate a fair transition through financial and technological assistance, particularly from wealthy nations.

The guide outlines NRK's ambition to integrate environmental considerations into all production decisions, drawing on international experience from organizations like Albert. It identifies transport, energy consumption, and material use as primary areas for reduction, offering specific tactics such as choosing local locations, using LED lighting, and implementing reuse plans for sets and props. The document emphasizes the need for a designated environmental lead for each production and suggests using carbon calculators to identify the most significant impacts.

Mighty Earth's report characterizes Cargill as a primary driver of environmental and human rights catastrophes globally. The document details the company's failure to meet its own sustainability commitments, specifically regarding deforestation in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Gran Chaco, as well as the use of child labor in West African cocoa production. It further highlights Cargill's pollution of US air and water and its history of food safety negligence, while urging major clients like McDonald's and Ahold Delhaize to sever ties with the company to force systemic change.

The report documents the link between European meat consumption and the destruction of the Gran Chaco ecosystem in Argentina and Paraguay. It highlights how major agribusiness traders, specifically Cargill and Bunge, facilitate the expansion of industrial soy monocultures, leading to illegal deforestation, biodiversity loss, and severe health impacts on local communities due to glyphosate use. The document argues that this destruction is avoidable through the use of degraded lands and the implementation of traceability systems similar to the Brazilian Soy Moratorium.

Natural Justice argues that the Marine Pollution (Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Amendment Bill (B5-2022) requires stronger penalties, better enforcement mechanisms, and more transparent exemptions to effectively protect South Africa's marine ecosystems. The organization specifically criticizes exemptions for ship trials and offshore mineral processing as contradictory to South Africa's Paris Agreement commitments and the national energy transition. It further calls for the inclusion of local communities and traditional leaders in the legislative process and the involvement of local authorities and specialized maritime police in enforcement.

The 'Three Ps' framework (Principles, Policies and laws, and Practicalities) outlines a community-centric approach to the Just Energy Transition in Africa. It argues that for a transition to be truly 'just,' it must move beyond simple decarbonization to address historical injustices, ensure energy democracy, and protect the land and human rights of local communities. The guide emphasizes the necessity of Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC), the implementation of community-owned renewable energy (CORE) models, and the provision of climate finance in the form of grants rather than loans to avoid further debt for Global South countries.

The document provides an educational overview of REDD+, explaining its goal of providing financial incentives to developing countries to reduce carbon emissions by protecting forests. It details the debate over reference levels and funding mechanisms—specifically carbon markets versus a dedicated REDD+ fund—while highlighting significant risks to Indigenous peoples, such as forced evictions and the devaluation of non-monetary forest values. The guide compares the safeguards of UN-REDD and the World Bank, noting that UN-REDD's standards are generally stronger, though implementation remains a concern.

The report explores automated emissions reduction (AER), a software-based technology that modulates the electricity use of internet-connected devices based on real-time grid emissions data. Based on a pilot in Chicago and a stakeholder workshop, the report finds that AER can reduce pollution by 5–40% for specific loads and lower customer acquisition costs for utility demand response programs. It proposes five priority near-term initiatives: institutional and residential pilots, device certification, integration into GHG accounting protocols, and the creation of open-source infrastructure.

The document explains that buildings contribute at least 39% of annual global energy-related carbon emissions, with at least one-quarter of those stemming from embodied carbon associated with materials and construction. It argues that developers can reduce these emissions by prioritizing the reuse of existing buildings over new construction and by setting clear environmental goals for project teams. To balance financial returns with environmental certifications, the text recommends six strategies: building less (prioritizing redevelopment), building collaboratively (using LCAs and inventories), building for longevity (adaptability and deconstruction), following data (requesting EPDs), reducing waste, and considering carbon offsetting.

The research paper by the Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) challenges the perception that lighter vehicles are inherently less safe by virtually modeling an 'UltraLight' concept vehicle. Through crash simulations and comparisons with a 2007 Ford Edge, the study demonstrates that while an early-stage ultralight design may offer less protection to its own driver than a heavy vehicle, it is significantly less aggressive toward other road users. The findings suggest that a transition to a lightweight fleet could reduce overall injuries and that safety is primarily a function of design and materials rather than mass.

The report identifies a 300,000 GWh annual electricity saving potential in the U.S. industrial sector by closing the productivity gap between the lowest and highest performing states. It argues that while exogenous factors like electricity prices play a role, the primary constraints are endogenous barriers such as poor understanding of efficiency potential, fossilized design paradigms, and capital constraints. Through case studies in high technology, oil and gas, and food production, the authors demonstrate that holistic design and overcoming these barriers can significantly reduce energy use and costs. The document concludes that policymakers should provide low-cost capital and education to incentivize efficiency measures that benefit society but may be NPV neutral for individual firms.