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This report by Ember evaluates the financial risks and technical viability of announced greenhouse gas removal (GGR) projects in the UK, specifically focusing on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage in the power sector (power-BECCS) and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS). The analysis finds that these technologies are currently unproven at commercial scale, face significant delivery delays, and could require billions in public subsidies, potentially diverting funds from more effective decarbonisation methods like renewables and heat pumps.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics argues that progress toward net zero is overestimated due to inconsistencies in how land-based carbon accounting is handled in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) compared to IPCC methods. It highlights that current NDCs rely on unrealistic land-based removal targets that ignore ecological limits, social risks, and the declining ability of natural sinks to store carbon under rising temperatures.

A research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute identifying the primary capacity gaps hindering the adoption and scaling of land-based mitigation technologies (LMTs) across five global regions.

This briefing summarizes the IPCC Working Group III (WG3) findings on the Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses (AFOLU) sector, detailing its potential for climate mitigation and the role of land-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR). It highlights that while the land sector can provide up to 30% of the global mitigation needed for 1.5°C and 2°C pathways, it cannot compensate for delayed emissions reductions in other sectors. The document also notes a significant investment gap, with current funding at USD 0.7 billion per year against a requirement of over USD 400 billion per year.

Ember's submission to the Environmental Audit Committee expresses concern that current mainstream Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), specifically the model proposed at the Drax power station, may fail to deliver genuine negative emissions due to the carbon impact of burning wood for power.

Ember's response to National Grid's FES2022 call for evidence challenges the assumption that biomass burning is carbon neutral and questions the reliability of Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) for delivering negative emissions.

Ember submitted a response to the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy's call for evidence on the role of biomass in achieving net zero. The submission argues that biomass for power and BECCS are expensive and that sustainable biomass should be prioritized for construction and hard-to-abate industry rather than the power sector. Ember calls for tighter sustainability regulations, a move away from the assumption of inherent carbon neutrality for biomass power, and the unbundling of residual and negative emissions budgets to provide clarity on the 2050 net zero law.

This document is a response from Ember to a call for evidence regarding Greenhouse Gas Removal (GGR) technologies, specifically focusing on the risks, constraints, and costs associated with Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS).

This document is Ember's response to a UK government call for evidence on greenhouse gas removals (GGRs). It specifically critiques the reliance on Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), arguing that the assumption of biomass carbon neutrality is flawed and that the land, environmental, and financial costs of scaling BECCS are prohibitive compared to other GGR methods or direct decarbonisation.

This research paper by the NewClimate Institute examines policy frameworks for upscaling Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) while ensuring that such efforts do not detract from greenhouse gas emissions reductions. The authors analyze various CDR approaches, their development stages, and the risks associated with using offsetting schemes, ultimately advocating for the separation of emission reduction targets from removal targets.

A joint statement signed by numerous organizations advocating for the sustainable use of domestic biomass in the United States to improve forest health, mitigate climate change, and support rural economies.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International calling for a radical systemic overhaul of global energy, food, political, and economic systems to prevent global warming from exceeding 1.5 degrees Celsius. The document argues that current incremental measures and 'false solutions' are insufficient and that a transition to decentralized, people-led renewable energy is necessary to achieve climate justice.

This policy brief from the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the risks of relying on land-based 'negative emissions' to meet the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement. It argues that many climate models overstate the feasibility of these measures, particularly Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), and warns that counting on future carbon removal may dangerously delay necessary near-term emission reductions.

Friends of the Earth International evaluates the Paris Agreement as a failure in achieving climate justice, arguing that it lacks binding targets, fails to hold wealthy nations accountable for emissions and financing, and leaves the door open for 'false solutions' like geoengineering.

Friends of the Earth International assesses the Paris Agreement as a failure in delivering climate justice, arguing that it lacks binding targets, sufficient financial commitments for developing nations, and protections for vulnerable communities. The organization concludes that the agreement fails the 'People’s Test on Climate' across all criteria, including emission reductions, support for transformation, justice for impacted people, and the focus on transformational action.

This report outlines the methodology used by Ember to estimate the annual subsidies required to deploy Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) at the Drax biomass power station. It details the calculation of Reference and Strike Prices for a dual-Contract for Difference (CfD) covering both electricity (CfDe) and carbon (CfDc), while noting the high degree of uncertainty due to a lack of commercial-scale power-BECCS projects.

A briefing by Friends of the Earth International criticizing the climate-related goals in the first draft of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, specifically the target of mitigating 10 gigatonnes of CO2 equivalent.

A technical report by a coalition of climate justice organizations arguing that "net zero" targets are used by governments and polluting corporations to mask inaction, avoid responsibility, and potentially increase fossil fuel emissions through the use of distant goals and unproven technologies.

This briefing note by Friends of the Earth International critiques Target 8 of the first draft of the post 2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, arguing that the target prioritizes climate objectives over biodiversity conservation.

A joint technical briefing by several climate justice organisations arguing that 'net zero' targets are used by governments and corporations to disguise climate inaction, greenwash business-as-usual, and shift the burden of carbon sequestration to the global South.