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In 2025, US solar generation increased by 83 TWh, meeting 61% of the 135 TWh rise in electricity demand. This growth was most concentrated in regions with the highest demand increases, such as Texas and the Midwest. While utility-scale solar capacity additions fell by 6% due to tariff uncertainties and grid connection delays, battery capacity surged by 133% to 26 GW, enabling solar to meet some evening demand and reducing curtailment pressure, particularly in California.

The energy transition accelerated in 2024, driven by record uptake in solar, wind, and electric vehicles as costs for solar modules and batteries fell significantly. While renewables are poised to overtake coal as the leading power source in 2025 and many nations have set net-zero goals, progress in energy efficiency and methane reduction remains off track. The document argues that achieving 2030 targets requires shifting fossil fuel subsidies toward clean energy investments, particularly in emerging economies.

Global energy transition investments reached a record USD 2.4 trillion in 2024, yet remain insufficient to meet the 1.5°C pathway. While solar PV and battery storage show strong growth, other technologies like wind and green hydrogen face significant headwinds. Investment is heavily concentrated in China and advanced economies, leaving least developed countries (LDCs) and Sub-Saharan Africa severely underfunded and dependent on international public finance.

The report identifies near-term, economically viable green investment opportunities in India across six emerging sectors—battery energy storage, green hydrogen, climate-smart agriculture, lithium-ion battery recycling, water, and sustainable cooling—to guide the channeling of private and institutional capital over a three to five-year horizon.

The report examines the value chains of six critical energy transition minerals (CETMs): copper, lithium, manganese, neodymium, nickel, and silicon. It details global production and reserves, processing technologies, and the dominant role of China in refining and processing. For India, the document highlights a significant gap between domestic mineral resources and the demand required for low-carbon technologies, emphasizing the need for localized refining, increased private investment, and strategic international partnerships to reduce import dependence.

The report examines the operational and policy failures of the US Export-Import Bank (EXIM), arguing that its outdated risk appetite and domestic content requirements hinder US competitiveness in the global energy transition. It highlights the leadership of foreign export credit agencies (ECAs) from China, Germany, Japan, and India in supporting clean tech and recommends specific legislative and procedural reforms—including raising the default rate cap and expanding support for critical material inputs—to ensure US high-tech industries can meet growing global demand for advanced energy solutions.

The author reflects on the mixed progress of 2024, noting record renewable deployment alongside rising global emissions and a political shift toward anti-climate positions. To overcome these hurdles, the author proposes a strategy focused on the lowest-cost electricity mix, including 'clean firm' technologies like nuclear and geothermal, and the use of carbon capture in heavy industry. The document emphasizes the need for regionally differentiated policies and a realistic acknowledgment of the long-term role of fossil fuels to build durable coalitions for action.

The report evaluates the financial viability of five clean energy technologies in India: battery energy storage systems (BESSs), solar photovoltaic (PV), electric vehicles (EVs), offshore wind, and green hydrogen (GH2). While current subsidies are sufficient for solar PV and BESSs, significant funding gaps remain for offshore wind and green hydrogen. The analysis suggests that while the government does not need to fund the entire cost gap due to potential private sector catalysis, international climate finance and policy reforms are essential to meet 2030 goals.

The document reports that 2024 is on track to be the hottest year on record, with global temperatures exceeding 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels for the first time. In the U.S., 24 billion-dollar disasters occurred through November 2024, resulting in at least 418 deaths and $61 billion in damages, excluding the costs of Hurricanes Helene and Milton. The analysis highlights a shrinking interval between such disasters, falling to an average of 12 days in 2024 compared to 82 days in the early 1980s.

The document introduces a novel five-step modelling framework designed to identify power infrastructure vulnerabilities and design cost-optimal decentralized renewable energy (DRE) solutions for islands and low-lying states. The framework involves identifying disruption hotspots, assessing disruptive potential, designing DRE systems using HOMER Pro, integrating local contextual factors, and evaluating resilience improvements. Testing the framework in Cuba revealed that municipalities with high electricity demand from industries and large buildings are most vulnerable to single-point failures. The results demonstrate that while DRE systems—incorporating solar PV, wind, battery storage, and biomass—improve power supply continuity, their effectiveness and cost are heavily influenced by local contexts, such as the US embargo on Cuba, which increased capital investment costs by 5-40% compared to global scenarios.

The document identifies smart grids as a 'safe bet' for Canada's energy transition, noting that while technologies like smart meters and virtual power plants are proven, their widespread adoption is hindered by regulatory barriers and consumer hesitation. It highlights existing provincial initiatives in Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia as models for scaling digital grid infrastructure to manage increasing electricity demand and integrate variable renewable energy.

The document identifies smart grids as 'safe bets' for Canada's energy transition, capable of increasing efficiency and reducing costs by managing peak demand through supply-side solutions like battery storage and demand-side tools like virtual power plants. While provinces such as British Columbia, Quebec, and Ontario have implemented various smart grid applications, widespread adoption is hindered by regulatory barriers, outdated utility incentives, and consumer hesitancy. The author argues that provincial policymakers and regulators must update legislation and incentives to accelerate the deployment of digital grid infrastructure to meet growing electricity demand.

Onshore wind is a mature, low-cost technology central to Canada's energy transition, though its rapid expansion is hindered by slow regulatory approvals and local resistance.

The document describes onshore wind energy as a mature, cost-effective technology essential for the decarbonization of Canada's electrical grid. It highlights Canada's position as a global leader in installed capacity and identifies regulatory hurdles and social acceptance as the primary barriers to faster deployment.

The document outlines the outcomes of a TSO roundtable held during the 2024 PCI Energy Days, focusing on the need for integrated energy hubs, increased connectivity for landlocked countries, the resolution of financing and regulatory hurdles, and the deployment of short-term flexibility tools to support the energy transition in Central and Eastern Europe.

The document outlines the benefits of a net-zero electricity transition in Canada, noting that the power sector has already reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 60% since 2005. It argues that a clean grid will lower household energy costs, create distributed employment, and improve public health by eliminating pollutants from coal and gas plants. The brief emphasizes that achieving net-zero by 2050 will require doubling or tripling electricity generation to support electrification across all sectors, necessitating coordination between federal, provincial, and territorial governments.

The document introduces energy parks as a strategy to meet rising electricity demand by integrating wind, solar, and storage with co-located loads like hydrogen electrolyzers and data centers. It outlines the evolution from simple solar farms to complex hybrids and identifies key barriers, including interconnection queues and utility monopolies. The authors propose a 'digital resource' paradigm shift and new state legal frameworks to enable these projects.

The document provides a technical framework for calculating the 'cost gap'—the marginal cost differential between clean energy technologies and their conventional benchmarks—for Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), offshore wind, solar PV, electric vehicles (EVs), and green hydrogen in India. It outlines the specific input parameters, learning rates, and benchmarks used for each technology. Furthermore, it describes the application of the Green Economy Model (GEM), a system dynamics tool, to simulate how varying levels of public funding (e.g., 30% or 100% of the cost gap) influence India's GDP, employment, and emissions through feedback loops involving energy spending, air pollution, and labor productivity.

The report analyzes the cost gaps for battery energy storage systems (BESSs), offshore wind, solar PV, electric vehicles (EVs), and green hydrogen (GH2) in India. It finds that while current subsidies are sufficient for solar PV and BESSs, significant additional support is needed for offshore wind, EVs, and GH2. Macroeconomic modeling suggests that bridging these gaps generally boosts GDP and employment, except for GH2, which remains cost-uncompetitive until after 2050.

Canada has reduced power sector greenhouse gas emissions by 60% since 2005, primarily through phasing out coal. To reach net-zero, the country must mitigate another 47 Mt of CO2e while potentially doubling or tripling electricity generation by 2050. The transition relies on scaling wind, solar, and hydroelectric power, which are now often cheaper than fossil fuel alternatives. A net-zero grid is projected to reduce average household energy spending by 12% by 2050 and save households CAD 15 billion annually. Beyond economics, the shift reduces local pollutants like sulphur dioxide and mercury, which are linked to premature deaths and cognitive impairment. Key recommendations include implementing federal clean electricity regulations, facilitating interprovincial grid connections (interties), and streamlining provincial permitting processes.