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The document is a letter from Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) to the CEO of the American Astronomical Society (AAS). SGR expresses concerns regarding the AAS's lack of transparency in investments, potential financial ties to the arms and fossil fuel industries, and the absence of a formal environmental policy. The letter demands a series of actions, including the disclosure of investments over $5,000, a phase-out of ties to companies not aligned with the 2C Paris Agreement goal, and the adoption of fossil-fuel-free indexes. SGR cites examples of other professional bodies and universities in the US and UK that have already divested from fossil fuels and arms to highlight the shift in expectations for climate governance.

Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) has called on the American Meteorological Society (AMS) to address concerns regarding its lack of transparency and potential financial ties to the fossil fuel and arms industries. SGR requests that the AMS disclose investments over $5,000, phase out ties to companies not aligned with the 2°C Paris Agreement goal, and adopt a formal environmental policy. The letter highlights a growing trend of divestment among other scientific bodies, such as the American Geophysical Union and the Royal Meteorological Society, as well as numerous universities in the US and UK.

SGR calls on the American Physical Society to disclose investments over $5,000, phase out ties to companies not aligned with the 2°C Paris Agreement goal, and adopt a formal environmental policy. The letter highlights a trend of divestment among other professional bodies and universities in the US and UK.

SGR has called on the American Statistical Association (ASA) to address a lack of transparency regarding its investments and potential financial ties to the arms and fossil fuel industries. The organization demands that the ASA phase out investments in companies not aligned with the 2C Paris Agreement goal, adopt a formal environmental policy, and report the carbon footprint of its investment portfolio. SGR cites examples of other professional bodies and universities in the US and UK that have already divested from fossil fuels as a benchmark for responsible governance.

Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) has written to the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) expressing concerns over its lack of transparency regarding investments and potential financial ties to the arms and fossil fuel sectors. SGR calls on ASCE to disclose investments over $5,000, phase out ties to companies not aligned with the 2C Paris Agreement goal, and adopt an environmental policy. The letter highlights a growing trend of divestment among other professional bodies, universities, and scientific organizations in the US and UK as a benchmark for responsible climate governance.

Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) has written to Engineers Australia (EA) expressing concerns over its lack of transparency regarding investments and potential financial ties to the fossil fuel and arms sectors. SGR calls for EA to disclose investments over $5,000, phase out ties to companies not aligned with the 2°C Paris Agreement goal, and adopt a formal environmental policy. The letter highlights a broader trend of divestment among professional bodies and universities in the UK and US, such as the American Geophysical Union and Harvard University, as evidence of shifting expectations for climate governance.

Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) has called on the Geological Society of America (GSA) to reform its investment practices, citing a lack of transparency and potential financial ties to the fossil fuel and arms industries. SGR demands that the GSA disclose investments over $5,000, phase out ties to companies not aligned with the 2°C Paris Agreement goal, and redirect funds toward climate mitigation technologies. The letter highlights a growing trend of divestment among other professional bodies, such as the American Geophysical Union, and various universities in the US and UK.

Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) has called on the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE) to reform its financial practices, citing a lack of transparency and continued ties to fossil fuel and arms industries. SGR demands that IChemE disclose investments over £3,500, phase out ties to companies not aligned with the 2°C Paris Agreement goal, and adopt fossil fuel-free indexes. The letter highlights a broader trend of divestment among other professional bodies, universities, and medical organisations in the UK and US as a benchmark for responsible climate governance.

The WTO dispute settlement system is currently in crisis because the United States has blocked the appointment of members to the Appellate Body, leaving many disputes unresolved as panel reports are appealed "into the void". While U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai has suggested that the system should better facilitate the settlement of disputes over litigation and support the WTO's negotiating and monitoring functions, the author argues these are general concerns lacking specific proposals. The document concludes that the U.S. must offer concrete solutions and new language for reform to prevent the system from further decay and to avoid its own isolation as other members pursue alternatives like the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement.

The author contends that Bosnia-Herzegovina is facing a severe crisis of state stability, not due to dormant ethnic conflict, but because of a political elite that uses ethnic nationalism to maintain power and protect clientelist networks. The document highlights the destabilising actions of leaders like Milorad Dodik and Dragan Čović, who use blocking tactics and threats of secession to extort the national government. It criticises the international community, specifically the EU and US, for a passive 'carrot and stick' approach and superficial negotiations that fail to deter unconstitutional politics, warning that the current trajectory could lead to the de facto secession of the Republika Srpska and the dissolution of the state.

Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) has called on the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) to address concerns regarding its lack of transparency and potential financial ties to the fossil fuel and arms industries. SGR requests that ASEE disclose investments over $5,000, phase out ties to companies not aligned with the 2°C Paris Agreement goal, and adopt a formal environmental policy. The letter highlights a broader trend of divestment among other professional bodies and universities in the US and UK, such as the American Geophysical Union and Harvard University, as evidence of shifting expectations for climate governance.

The document examines the progress and deficits of the Women, Peace and Security (WPS) framework in Cyprus. While it notes success in promoting female participation in civil society and informal peace processes, it highlights a systemic failure to address 'hard' security and defence issues. The authors argue that both the Republic of Cyprus's National Action Plan and the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) over-rely on the participation pillar, leaving core security functions unaddressed and creating a disconnect between civil society activists and government policymakers.

The report assesses the Office of the Special Prosecutor (OSP) in Ghana, finding that while the office has a strong legal mandate, it has struggled with inadequate funding, staffing deficits, and political interference. Interviewed anti-corruption agencies generally agree that the OSP has not yet significantly reduced corruption or the public perception of it, though there is trust in the capacity of the second Special Prosecutor, Kissi Agyebeng. The document recommends amending the OSP Act to grant full prosecutorial independence from the Attorney General and increasing actual budget disbursements.

The document examines the gaps in South Africa's violence-prevention M&E framework, noting that government monitoring focuses on financial compliance and service access rather than long-term outcomes. It highlights the reporting burden on NGOs, the lack of a unified national results framework, and the disconnect between administrative data and the lived experiences of communities.

The report examines the challenges in operationalizing the AU Peace Fund, specifically disagreements over contribution scales among member states. It warns against the increasing use of private military and security companies (PMSCs) like the Wagner Group in Africa, citing human rights risks. Additionally, it advocates for a revamp of the AU's PCRD approach to better address post-authoritarian transitions and the role of women in peacebuilding, using The Gambia as a model for small, expert-led deployments.

The report assesses the integration of gender equality and human rights into the climate adaptation strategies of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). While RMI has a strong policy framework—including the 2050 Tile Til Eo Climate Strategy and the 2019 Gender Equality Act—the report identifies significant gaps in operationalizing these goals. Key barriers include limited technical capacity, high staff turnover, a reliance on external consultants, and persistent social norms that frame women as passive victims rather than agents of change. The document provides a detailed roadmap of recommendations across four phases of the NAP process, emphasizing the need for sex-disaggregated data, inclusive community consultations, and the establishment of monitoring and evaluation protocols that track women's rights as markers of climate adaptation success.

The report examines the governance of nuclear energy in Africa, focusing on the Treaty of Pelindaba and its implementation body, AFCONE, as well as the FNRBA and AFRA. It notes that while South Africa is the only country currently operating a nuclear power reactor, 16 other nations are exploring nuclear options for energy security and climate mitigation. The document highlights the importance of the IAEA's 'Milestones Approach' for infrastructure development and identifies critical challenges facing continental institutions, including limited funding, human resource shortages, and inconsistent member state cooperation. It recommends that all 55 African Union members ratify the Pelindaba Treaty and that AFCONE be further empowered with a predictable budget and increased staffing.

The evaluation finds that while the GCF is uniquely positioned to finance large-scale, high-risk adaptation projects, it has not yet fully utilized this potential. The adaptation portfolio is dominated by small-scale grant projects implemented by international accredited entities, with significant delays in project approval and legal arrangements. Private sector engagement remains extremely low, and the Fund lacks a specific strategy for adaptation impact measurement and innovation. Key recommendations include diversifying financial instruments, streamlining the business model for direct access entities, and establishing a clear private sector strategy for adaptation.

The document examines the challenges of integrating scientific evidence into policymaking for ocean governance, specifically within the Western Indian Ocean region. It highlights the role of the Nairobi Convention and WIOMSA in bridging these gaps and advocates for a shift from linear communication to interactive, dialogic networks. The brief emphasizes the importance of trust, the need for institutional reforms in researcher performance evaluation, and the adoption of strategies to increase the salience, credibility, and legitimacy of scientific information to support evidence-based decision-making.

The paper examines how the APRM's Expanded Mandate has revitalized the agency by introducing targeted reviews and monitoring roles for Agenda 2063 and the SDGs, while cautioning that these additions may distract from its core mission of comprehensive country reviews. It highlights the role of the 'Kagame Reforms' and the leadership of CEO Prof. Eddy Maloka in restoring institutional stability and financial predictability. The author argues that the APRM must now consolidate these gains, rationalizing its activities to ensure that new instruments, such as National Governance Reports, do not become weak substitutes for rigorous peer reviews.