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Research by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and PUC-Rio indicates that rural settlements were responsible for 30% of deforestation in the Amazon region in 2014. The study highlights that 'special settlements', intended to promote sustainable production, contributed 15% of the total deforestation caused by all rural settlements. While Brazil successfully reduced large-scale clearings between 2004 and 2014 using the DETER satellite-monitoring system, small-scale clearings associated with rural farmers and ranchers became a more prominent driver of forest loss.

The report analyzes the transition from biomass and kerosene to LPG in Ghaziabad, India. It finds that while there is high willingness to use clean fuel, poor households are deterred by high startup costs and documentation requirements, often resorting to a costly black market. The study highlights the regressive nature of current subsidies and the significant impact of female literacy and household income on fuel switching.

The 2009 Research Highlights from Climate Strategies provides a comprehensive overview of projects addressing the operational challenges of the EU ETS, the feasibility of linking emissions trading schemes, and the design of financial mechanisms for the UNFCCC. It specifically investigates carbon leakage in energy-intensive sectors like cement and steel, the potential for 'Green Investment Schemes' in Central and Eastern Europe, and the implementation of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in countries including Ghana, South Africa, Brazil, and India. The document also assesses the impact of carbon pricing on the chemical sector and the evolving climate policy landscape in Russia.

The Tees Valley Footprint Report evaluates the environmental impact of residents in the Tees Valley, UK, using Ecological and Carbon Footprint analysis. It finds that the region's ecological footprint is more than double the world average, and that 'business as usual' trends in housing and transport are likely to increase per capita carbon emissions over the next 20 years. The report uses the REAP software to model alternative scenarios, suggesting that significant reductions in housing emissions are possible through combined energy efficiency and renewable energy measures, while transport emissions require large-scale structural shifts and behavioral changes to see meaningful declines.

The research develops a two-step econometric model to determine the demand for energy services (space heating, water heating, and appliances/lighting) for 440 Canadian households. By using deterministic frontier analysis to estimate the efficiency of furnaces and water heaters, the authors find that low-income households are significantly more responsive to price and income changes than higher-income households. The study confirms a 'rebound effect' where increased efficiency leads to higher energy service demand. These findings are used to argue for targeted subsidies, such as funding for efficient furnaces, to help low-income groups cope with energy price increases driven by climate change policies. The authors also discuss the potential application of this methodology to the Indian energy sector.