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This policy brief analyzes the July 2025 International Court of Justice (ICJ) Advisory Opinion on the Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change, specifically focusing on how it transforms climate change adaptation from a voluntary domestic policy choice into a legally binding international obligation.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes the implications of a July 2025 International Court of Justice (ICJ) advisory opinion on climate change for international investment law. It argues that the ICJ's recognition of climate action as a binding legal obligation undermines investor claims based on 'legitimate expectations' for fossil fuel activities and provides states with stronger legal defenses against Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) claims.

This policy brief analyzes the July 2025 International Court of Justice (ICJ) Advisory Opinion on the Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change, specifically focusing on how it affects the implementation of Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). The document argues that the ICJ rejected the 'lex specialis' doctrine, ruling instead that climate obligations are integrated with other environmental treaties, human rights law, and customary international law.

This guide, produced by the Stockholm Environment Institute as part of the ResPT project, provides recommendations to public transport authorities, operators, and grid operators to increase the resilience of electrified bus systems in Sweden. Based on a May 2025 workshop, it identifies critical vulnerabilities in grid capacity, depot siting, winter operations, and data standards, proposing a framework of 'prepare-absorb-recover-adapt' to mitigate disruptions.

This guide, developed by the International Institute for Sustainable Development in collaboration with Indigenous organizations and Global Affairs Canada, provides principles and actions for ethically engaging Indigenous Knowledge Holders in nature and climate initiatives. It emphasizes a rights-based approach, the necessity of free, prior, and informed consent, and the importance of building long-term, reciprocal relationships to avoid colonial extractive patterns of knowledge acquisition.

This report analyzes the shortcomings of the current European Union public procurement directive in enabling green public procurement (GPP) and proposes a roadmap of reforms to align public spending with climate, circularity, and competitiveness goals.

This report by RMI analyzes India's potential to become a cost-competitive exporter of green hydrogen and its derivatives, focusing on market demand in the EU and East Asia and the strategic enablers required to translate production capacity into bankable export projects.

This executive summary from RMI outlines five practical insights to improve the bankability of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) projects, focusing on risk-sharing, contract design, and cashflow stability to attract low-cost debt and accelerate the transition to low-carbon aviation.

This report by the Global Climate and Health Alliance provides a set of recommendations for COP30 to integrate health and planetary health into UNFCCC negotiations. It argues that climate change undermines global health progress and calls for ambitious action across adaptation, mitigation, just transition, loss and damage, and finance to protect human physical and mental health.

The report 'Priority Actions for Deforestation- and Conversion-Free Finance' provides a strategic framework to align private financial flows with the goal of halting and reversing deforestation and ecosystem conversion by 2030. It outlines specific priority actions for three key groups: policymakers, central banks and financial supervisors, and financial institutions, emphasizing the need for coordinated action to manage nature-related risks and catalyze a transition to nature-positive business models.

This policy brief by RMI provides four recommendations for Public Utility Commissions (PUCs) to improve the evaluation of Performance Incentive Mechanisms (PIMs). The document emphasizes the need for recurring evaluations, transparency through public dashboards, portfolio-wide assessments to avoid duplication, and the use of design guidelines to measure net benefits to customers.

This report by the Green Guarantee Group (GGG) provides a roadmap to scale the use of green guarantees to mobilize private capital for climate action in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). It identifies systemic barriers—including regulatory constraints under the Basel Framework, currency risks, and data gaps—and proposes four primary recommendations to optimize guarantees as a catalytic investment tool to help meet global climate finance targets.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) presents 13 proposals to increase the sustainability of Brazil's 2025/2026 Harvest Plan (Plano Safra). The recommendations focus on aligning rural credit and risk management with climate goals, specifically by restricting credit for deforestation, integrating the Brazilian Sustainable Taxonomy, improving pasture recovery monitoring, and expanding credit access for vulnerable small-scale producers.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development provides policy recommendations for negotiators at SB 62 and COP 30 to operationalize the commitment to transition away from fossil fuels, focusing on differentiated phase-out timelines, the cessation of public financing for fossil fuels, and the establishment of a just transition finance mechanism.

This report documents a hybrid event held on May 28, 2025, in Asunción, Paraguay, organized by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) and partners. The event focused on formulating recommendations for drought management in the Americas, specifically regarding early warning systems (EWS), regional collaboration, and the integration of scientific research into public policy to support vulnerable productive sectors.

This report by RMI argues that heavy industries are uniquely positioned to scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR) by leveraging their existing infrastructure, material flows, and expertise. It outlines a business case for industrial integration of CDR to create new revenue streams, manage regulatory risks, and meet net-zero targets, while emphasizing that CDR must complement, not replace, aggressive decarbonization.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development argues for reforming the European Union's Public Procurement Directive to transition from voluntary to mandatory green public procurement (GPP) to better align public spending with climate goals.

This primer introduces the "transition finance nexus," a conceptual framework for the banking sector that illustrates the interconnections between transition pathways, planning, assessment, and finance to support net-zero targets and real-economy decarbonization.

This report examines how distributed virtual power plants (VPPs) can address energy challenges in island nations, specifically focusing on the Caribbean. Using a case study from the US Virgin Islands, it analyzes how aggregating decentralized energy resources can improve grid stability, resilience, and affordability while reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels.

The State of Green Banks 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the global landscape of green banks, focusing on their role in bridging a USD 7.4 trillion annual climate funding gap. Based on survey data from 51 public financial institutions, the report identifies four primary models for green banks—standalone de novo banks, enhanced public development banks (PDBs), green facilities within PDBs, and country platforms—and evaluates their suitability for different economic contexts, particularly in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs).