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This report, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in October 2010, identifies and quantifies government subsidies provided to upstream oil and gas producers in Indonesia. It establishes a framework for analyzing producer subsidies—which are generally less transparent than consumer subsidies—by categorizing them into direct transfers, foregone revenue, provision of goods/services below market value, and price supports. The study finds that while some incentives effectively encourage exploration in new geological plays, others create significant benefits for state-owned enterprises.

This country policy report examines the relationship between international trade and food security in Brazil, noting that the country transitioned from a net food importer to a net exporter over three decades through increased production and productivity.

This IISD study evaluates the feasibility of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from university data centres in Canada by analyzing three scenarios: relocation to zero-carbon facilities, relocation to low-emission urban grids with waste heat utilization, or modifying existing centres to capture waste heat. The study concludes that generating revenue through carbon credits is generally not economically attractive for individual universities, though a green community cloud operated by CANARIE is presented as a more viable alternative.

This report evaluates the feasibility of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from university data centres in Canada by analyzing three relocation or modification scenarios and proposing a 'green community cloud' alternative. The study focuses on three institutions: Dalhousie University, the University of Ottawa, and the University of Alberta.

This report examines the role of Brazil in enhancing energy security and integration across South America. It argues that while the region possesses vast energy resources, domestic-focused security strategies and a lack of regional regulation have led to high economic costs and underutilized infrastructure. The author proposes the creation of a Multilateral Energy Security Reserve (RMSE) treaty to provide a legal framework for energy imports and dispute settlement, positioning Brazil as the ideal coordinator due to its market size, geography, and leadership in both fossil fuels and renewable energy.

This synthesis report analyzes policy responses to the 2006-2008 food prices crisis in Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Southern Africa, evaluating their economic sustainability and impact on trade and regional integration.

This report analyzes public policy responses to the 2007-2008 food crisis in Latin America, focusing on the shift toward protecting vulnerable populations, the conceptual debate between food security and food sovereignty, and the introduction of new legislative frameworks for government intervention.

This research paper examines the challenges South Africa faces in diversifying its energy sources away from coal to ensure energy security and meet climate change mitigation goals, emphasizing the need for institutional reform and a coordinated government vision.

This paper reviews data sources for fossil-fuel subsidies across countries with diverse governance systems, energy markets, and economic growth stages, specifically focusing on pilot studies conducted for China, Germany, Indonesia, and the United States.

This report examines food security policy responses within the Southern African Development Community (SADC) in the context of global food price hikes, analyzing the relationship between regional strategies, intraregional trade, and the Comprehensive African Agriculture Development Program (CAADP).

This policy report analyzes the intersection of climate change and ASEAN-facilitated trade and investment policies within the Mekong subregion, highlighting the tension between economic growth through trade liberalization and the vulnerability of natural resources to climate risks.

This report analyzes the failure of market-based energy reforms in Argentina, which led to a high dependency on non-renewable resources and a depletion of natural assets. It argues that relying solely on private and foreign capital for strategic energy decisions was ineffective and recommends a more active public sector role, price policy reform, and strategic agreements with Brazil and Bolivia to secure energy supply and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

This document is an introductory text for a 2010 report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) that aims to quantify government support for ethanol and biodiesel within the European Union since 2007.

This 2010 policy report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines the relationship between international trade and food security in Brazil. It concludes that while Brazil has become a major global food exporter and maintains sufficient national food availability, chronic food insecurity persists due to income inequality and poverty rather than trade-driven shortages. The report details the role of government price supports, the impact of fertilizer costs, and the transition of the Brazilian diet due to urbanization.

This synthesis report analyzes the policy responses of countries and regional organizations in Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Southern Africa to the 2006–08 global food prices crisis. It assesses these responses in terms of economic sustainability and their impact on trade and regional integration, arguing that short-term emergency measures often conflicted with long-term food security and production goals.

This policy brief examines the responses of developing countries in Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Southern Africa to the 200608 food prices crisis. It analyzes the tension between short-term emergency measures and long-term food security goals, the differing strategies of food self-sufficiency versus food self-reliance, and the failure of regional integration agreements to provide collective economic security during the crisis.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development proposes a multi-level Water Quality Trading (WQT) system architecture for the Lake Winnipeg Basin to reduce phosphorus emissions and combat eutrophication.

This report examines the tension between trade and investment liberalization and environmental protection within the Mekong subregion of ASEAN, highlighting the inadequacy of current multilateral efforts and the heavy reliance on foreign donors for environmental policy initiatives.

This research paper discusses the inherent tensions between biodiversity conservation and peace, specifically within transboundary protected areas (TBPAs). The authors propose the adoption of Peace and Conflict Impact Assessments (PCIAs) to ensure that TBPAs contribute to peacebuilding rather than exacerbating existing conflicts.

This research paper examines how China can align its commercial policies with a 'sustainable trade strategy' consisting of five core objectives: rebalancing the economy, promoting added value, expanding the services sector, promoting Chinese brands and intellectual property, and supporting a sustainable international trade architecture. The authors analyze China's trade evolution since joining the WTO, the limitations of traditional reciprocity-based trade agreements, and the potential for soft-law initiatives and regional cooperation to achieve sustainable development goals.