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This research paper examines the diplomatic process and motivations behind South Africa's 1996 decision to switch official recognition from the Republic of China (Taiwan) to the People's Republic of China (PRC). It details President Nelson Mandela's initial attempt at a 'dual recognition' strategy and the internal and external pressures that eventually led to the establishment of formal relations with the PRC in 1998.

A Green Bond Fact Sheet for a CNY 1bn issuance by Hang Lung Properties Limited to finance two LEED Gold pre-certified construction projects in China.

China Power Clean Energy Development Co issued a CNY800bm (USD116m) Green Panda Bond on 23-May-2017 to fund solar energy and agroforestry projects. These projects are expected to reduce annual CO2 emissions by 0.86 million tons and save 0.5 million tons of standard coal compared to coal-fired alternatives. While the Climate Bonds Initiative recognized the issuer's expertise, it called for more detailed project information and a comprehensive reporting system.

The China Green Bond Market Mid-Year Report 2018 by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes the performance and alignment of Chinese green bonds from January to June 2018, highlighting a growth in issuance driven by the private sector and a continuing gap between domestic and international green bond definitions.

This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative outlines key public sector green bond policy developments from the first half of 2018, focusing on sovereign issuance, national guidelines, financial incentives, and the role of central banks in supporting the energy transition.

This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative explores the critical role of climate adaptation and resilience in infrastructure investments to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It highlights the current investment gap in the green bond market, where adaptation is significantly underfunded compared to mitigation, and proposes principles for improving definitions and disclosure to scale capital mobilization.

This fact sheet details a CNY 1.5 billion green bond issued by Zhongyuan Bank Co., Ltd. on April 25, 2018, intended to finance wastewater treatment and other green infrastructure projects in China.

A fact sheet detailing a USD 100 million green bond issued by Hitachi Capital Management China on December 15, 2017, with a five-year tenor and a maturity date of December 15, 2022.

Suntien Green Energy issued a CNY590m (USD93m) perpetuity green bond on 13-Mar-2018 to finance or refinance 15 wind farms in China. The Climate Bonds Initiative highlighted the issuance as a positive example of disclosure, noting its alignment with the 2oC global warming target and the provision of specific impact data, such as a 200MW project in Hebei province expected to avoid 1010k tons of CO2.

This fact sheet by the Climate Bonds Initiative outlines key public sector green bond policy developments in 2017 and projections for 2018. It highlights the rise of sovereign green bonds, the establishment of regional and national guidelines in Asia and Africa, the growth of the green sukuk market in Malaysia, and various financial incentives provided by governments to lower issuance costs and accelerate the transition to low-carbon infrastructure.

The China Green Bond Market Mid Year Report 2017 details the growth and diversification of China's green bond market in the first half of 2017, highlighting a total issuance of USD 11.52bn and a shift toward non-bank issuers. The report outlines various policy updates, the emergence of green municipal bonds, and the alignment of Chinese bonds with international standards.

This fact sheet by the Climate Bonds Initiative describes the use of Green City Bonds to finance climate-friendly urban infrastructure, highlighting market growth, specific regional examples such as Mexico City and the US, and various financing models for municipalities.

This research paper examines the commercial tax evasion component of illicit financial flows (IFFs) in five African countries: Nigeria, South Africa, Morocco, Zambia, and Egypt. It clarifies the distinctions between transfer pricing, abusive transfer pricing, trade mispricing, and trade-based money laundering (TBML), while estimating the scale of these flows using IMF Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS) and a developed TBML model. The authors highlight significant data anomalies in international trade databases and advocate for the implementation of the Unique Consignment Reference (UCR) to improve accuracy and curb illicit outflows.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative and the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) outlines a framework for collaboration between the United Kingdom and China to expand the global green bond market. It identifies the UK as a global hub for green finance and China as a leader in policy support, proposing joint actions to scale cross-border issuance, harmonise green definitions, and develop robust project pipelines to meet the massive investment needs of the low-carbon transition.

The 2015 Green Bond Market Roundup by the Climate Bonds Initiative reports that $41.8 billion in labelled green bonds were issued in 2015. The document highlights growth in market supply driven by policy support, the entry of more corporate and municipal issuers, and expanding investor demand from institutional entities. It also notes an evolution in standards, such as the launch of Climate Bond Standard V2, and an increasing emphasis on reporting and third-party assurance to validate green credentials.

This report summarizes the outcomes of the SDplanNet-Asia Pacific Regional Workshop Series held in Nairobi, Kenya, in April 2014. It analyzes existing governance practices for sustainable development in the Asia-Pacific region, identifies gaps in vertical and horizontal integration, and proposes a capacity-building agenda for 2014–2015 to help national and subnational planners implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes policy failures in the governance, accountability, and transparency of financial market actors and proposes policy innovations to advance green finance, specifically focusing on how China can adopt these measures to green its financial markets.

Minister Tina Joemat-Pettersson's 2011 budget speech for the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) outlines a 4.719 billion rand budget focused on poverty alleviation, job creation, and the sustainable management of natural resources in South Africa.

This report analyzes the structure, production, and sustainability of the Chinese copper supply chain as of 2010. It details China's position as the world's largest producer and consumer of refined copper, examines the environmental and social impacts of the industry, and outlines the regulatory framework governing smeltingS smelting, imports, and exports.

This briefing, published by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network in November 2010, analyzes the regional implications for Asia of the recommendations made by the Advisory Group on Climate Finance (AGF). It examines Asia's climate exposure, emissions profile, and the financial requirements for mitigation and adaptation, while evaluating the opportunities and risks posed by proposed global climate finance mechanisms.