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This introductory report provides an overview of Niger's geographic, political, and socio-economic landscape, detailing its transition from a democratic state to a military-led government following a coup in July 2023. It highlights the country's reliance on natural resources, its vulnerability to climate change, and its recent strategic shift away from Western security partnerships toward new regional alliances and partners such as Russia and China.

This research paper examines intraseasonal climate teleconnections between South America and South Africa, identifying a relationship where rainfall anomalies in South America precede those in South Africa by 4-5 days during both summer and winter.

This case study examines flood risk and urban development in Belize City, Belize, using a Weather Generator (WG) tool to project future rainfall and temperature trends. The analysis highlights a projected increase in temperature and a shift in rainfall patterns, with decreased precipitation in June, July, and August, but increased intensity and variability in October and November. These changes, combined with the city's flat topography and poor drainage infrastructure, are expected to heighten the risk of severe flooding and associated health hazards.