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This briefing by the Center for International Environmental Law examines how the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) could allow Canadian mining companies to challenge Greek mining regulations. It argues that CETA's 'domestic regulatory disciplines'—which require licensing processes to be objective, transparent, and simple—conflict with the discretionary and evolving nature of Greek environmental and technical mining laws.

This report by Friends of the Earth International and GRUFIDES analyzes the failure of the CAO Roundtable Dialogue in Cajamarca, Peru, to resolve conflicts between the Yanacocha Mine and local communities. It argues that the dialogue mechanism was manipulated by the mining company to serve as a public relations tool, ultimately losing legitimacy and contributing to social polarization.

This fact sheet by Friends of the Earth International argues that large corporations often escape accountability for human rights and environmental abuses due to the lack of binding international rules. It advocates for a new UN Human Rights Treaty to close the gap in international law, contrasting the lack of corporate accountability with the strong legal protections corporations enjoy through free trade and investment agreements.

This annex provides a detailed overview of sustainability schemes targeting the mining sector, categorizing them by their supply chain target and outlining their specific requirements for biodiversity and forest conservation.

This briefing analyzes the potential impact of the OECD and G20 Inclusive Framework's global tax reforms—specifically Pillar One and Pillar Two—on resource-rich developing countries and the mining sector. While some extractive industries are excluded from certain new taxing rights, the document warns that other elements of the reform could undermine national sovereignty and the ability of developing nations to collect revenue from their natural resources.

This executive summary, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in April 2023, evaluates the legal and policy framework for Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) in Madagascar's mining sector. Based on the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) guidelines, the document identifies strengths in Madagascar's existing regulations and institutions while highlighting critical gaps regarding stability clauses, ministerial powers, permit sequencing, and public participation. It provides specific recommendations to align national laws with international best practices to ensure sustainable mining development.

This briefing note by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines the disruptive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment within the large-scale mining sector. It analyzes immediate impacts on direct and indirect labor, the role of national lockdown policies, and the long-term structural shifts toward automation and localized supply chains, while providing recommendations for building future resilience.

This case study by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the integration of biodiversity protection into mining governance, focusing on the application of the Mitigation Hierarchy (MH) in Senegal and Turkey. It provides a framework for governments to balance economic development with environmental preservation, detailing how avoidance, minimization, rehabilitation, and compensation can be used to achieve No Net Loss (NNL) or a Net Positive Impact (NPI) on biodiversity.

This executive summary describes a guidance document developed by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) to help governments improve legal frameworks for Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) and associated management plans in the large-scale mining sector.

This meeting report details a training workshop on gender in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) held in Abuja, Nigeria, from April 22 to 26, 2024. Organized by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) at the request of the Nigeria Ministry of Solid Mineral Development (MSMD), the workshop aimed to impart basic gender concepts in ASM and support the Ministry's Gender and Child Labour Division.

This brochure describes the development of a framework consisting of seven questions designed to assess the sustainability of mining and quarrying activities. Developed under the Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD) program, the framework aims to evaluate whether a project's overall contribution to sustainability is positive or negative over the long term.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) explores the intersection of the mining industry and Water-Energy-Food (WEF) security. It proposes a methodological framework using the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model and hydrological modelling to manage the risks and opportunities associated with mining developments, featuring a current application of this approach in Suriname.

This community audit, conducted by the communities of Darou Khoudoss, Mboro, and surrounding areas in collaboration with Natural Justice, documents the socio-environmental impacts of the mining and chemical operations of Industries Chimiques du Sénégal (ICS). The report details widespread pollution of air, soil, and water, health crises among local populations, loss of agricultural livelihoods, and conflicts over land expropriation and inadequate compensation.

This community audit documents the socio-environmental impacts of the mining and chemical production activities of Industries Chimiques du Sénégal (ICS) in the communes of Mboro, Darou Khoudoss, and surrounding areas. The report identifies significant violations of human rights, including the right to a healthy environment and the right to health, caused by atmospheric, soil, and water pollution, as well as land dispossession and inadequate compensation for displaced populations.

This report by the Public Affairs Research Institute examines the Lephalale Local Municipality's efforts to transition into a post-apartheid city while grappling with a legacy of private land and infrastructure ownership. It details how the construction of the Medupi power station triggered a population boom that overwhelmed the municipality's limited capacity, leading to infrastructure failure and the growth of informal settlements. The document highlights the municipality's dependence on corporate entities like Exxaro and Eskom for basic services and the role of the Lephalale Development Forum (LDF) as a parallel, business-funded governance structure.

This report examines land-use management in the Lephalale Local Municipality, focusing on the challenges of a municipality that owns almost no land within its urban edge. It details the municipality's strategies for land acquisition, the provision of integrated human settlements, and the incremental introduction of land-use schemes in rural areas under traditional authorities, specifically the Seleka Traditional Authority. The document highlights the influence of major mining and energy companies, the impact of the Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act (SPLUMA), and the complexities of intergovernmental relations.

This case study describes how Gold Fields developed a 40 MW solar photovoltaic (PV) project at its South Deep Gold Mine in South Africa to reduce operating costs and enhance energy security in the face of rising utility tariffs and supply constraints.

This report by the Alliance for Renewable Electrification (ARE) and UNIDO ITPO Germany explores the integration of decentralised renewable energy (DRE) in the mining sector to decarbonise operations and provide electricity to underserved surrounding communities. It advocates for a 'shared use' approach to infrastructure to address energy poverty and environmental impacts while enhancing the sustainability of mineral supply chains.

This research paper by Gregory Mthembu-Salter for the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) examines the historical, political, and economic relationships between the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), China, and India. It analyzes how these two Asian powers engage with the DRC's mining, telecommunications, and infrastructure sectors, highlighting the contrast between China's state-led, resource-for-infrastructure strategy and India's more fragmented, private-sector-driven approach.

This policy briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines how mining projects in Africa can better contribute to sustainable development through strategic partnerships. It argues that mining-led growth is often hindered by a lack of cooperation between companies, governments, and NGOs, as well as a lack of long-term planning and regulatory capacity. The document advocates for the use of 'good practice' Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs) and the creation of shared infrastructure to maximize local economic and social benefits.