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This technical paper, developed for the G20 Environment and Climate Sustainability Working Group, advocates for an integrated approach to climate mitigation and socioeconomic development to support inclusive low-emission pathways.

This guide provides recommendations for decision-makers on developing and revising Long-Term Strategies (LTS) for low-emission development, aligned with the Paris Agreement's goals of limiting global temperature increases to well below 2°C and pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C.

This report examines how the Green Climate Fund (GCF) can better support urban areas in achieving a paradigm shift toward low-emission and climate-resilient development. It identifies significant barriers facing cities—particularly in the developing world—including limited technical capacity, restricted access to international finance, and high fiduciary requirements. The authors propose three primary access modalities for GCF funding: utilizing unconventional implementing entities, accrediting cities as implementing entities themselves, and employing an Enhanced Direct Access (EDA) approach, potentially through a National City Facility.

The SEI Initiative on Low Emission Development Pathways (LED-P) provides tools and research to help governments, particularly in developing countries, integrate the mitigation of greenhouse gases, air pollution, and short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs). Central to this is the LEAP-Integrated Benefits Calculator (LEAP-IBC), which quantifies the health, agricultural, and climate benefits of specific pollution-reduction measures. The initiative works closely with the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) to support national action plans in 16 countries and conducts research on the transferability of environmental impacts and the socio-economic barriers to low-emission transitions.

This research paper by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) examines how development agencies can support national-level decision-making to foster low-emission, climate-resilient development. It identifies critical barriers to adaptation—including political leadership, technical knowledge, financial management, and accountability—and details UNDP's strategic approach to integrating climate change into broader national development and poverty reduction goals.

This working paper evaluates how long-term low-emission development strategies submitted to the UNFCCC manage uncertainty and utilize scenario analysis, proposing a model-assisted quantitative approach to enhance these practices.