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This guide outlines the use of public and private equity to catalyze climate investment. It highlights how concessional equity absorbs risk to attract commercial capital for high-risk projects, the fiscal implications for public entities, and the varying timelines for structuring fund-level, project-level, and sovereign equity investments.

A briefing by Friends of the Earth US urging banks and financiers to prohibit direct and indirect financing of activities that harm Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) and habitats containing threatened or endemic species to prevent the estimated extinction of one million species.

This briefing by RMI outlines a phased framework for building decarbonization in the United States and argues that financial institutions can accelerate the shift to zero-carbon technologies by using targeted interventions to make green options the cheapest, default choice.

This briefing provides financial institutions with an overview of the International Energy Agency’s (IEA) Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) scenario, specifically regarding the implications for oil and gas capital allocation. It explains why limiting global warming to 1.5°C precludes the development of new oil and gas fields and discusses the role of the finance sector in aligning investments with Paris goals.

This policy brief evaluates progress toward the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) goal of eliminating deforestation from agricultural commodities. It reports that while commodity-driven deforestation rates have declined since a 2016 peak, the 2020 target for ending agriculture-driven deforestation was not met, and current rates remain similar to those seen before 2014.

This research paper examines the potential for cross-border climate change impacts to affect the European Union through trade, human security, and finance, identifying specific regional 'hotspots' of risk despite overall uncertainty in the current research.

Togo's revised NDCs (2021) report a 27.57% reduction in emissions by 2020, exceeding initial targets. The plan sets ambitious goals for 2030, including 100% electrification, 50% renewable energy by 2025, and the restoration of 80% of degraded lands. It identifies critical governance gaps and proposes a 1.07 million USD communication strategy to integrate climate action into local and sectoral development plans.

This case study describes the Cooling as a Service (CaaS) model, a pay-per-service approach designed to deploy energy-efficient cooling technologies by removing upfront investment costs for customers and incentivizing providers to maintain high efficiency.

CRAFT, managed by the Lightsmith Group, is a commercial growth equity fund targeting SMEs with proven climate adaptation and resilience technologies in developed and developing countries, including Africa. Having reached its first close in 2019 with backers like the Rockefeller Foundation, KfW, and EIB, the fund targets high-vulnerability, low-risk countries and seeks capital from institutional investors and development finance institutions.

This briefing by RMI examines the financial barriers to electric vehicle (EV) adoption in India, identifying risk as the primary driver of higher interest rates and down payments. It estimates the cumulative capital investment needed for India's EV transition and proposes a toolkit of financial instruments to lower the cost of capital and increase accessibility.

An analysis of the European Investment Bank's (EIB) transport investment portfolio since 2015, proposing alignment criteria and strategic priorities to ensure all finance flows support the Paris Agreement's temperature goals.

The Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) has developed a design for an investment-grade financing vehicle intended for institutional investors. By focusing on the specific financial fundamentals of wind and solar projects—which differ from conventional fossil fuel generation—the model aims to reduce the cost of renewable energy by 15-17%.

This report analyzes the financing of coal power in China, finding that state-owned enterprises (SOEs) dominate the sector and have become financially self-sustaining. While government policies, low-cost debt, and specific tariff structures initially drove aggressive expansion, SOEs now generate sufficient revenue from depreciation expenses to fund coal capital expenditures independently of external finance or policy support.

This briefing paper by the Center for International Environmental Law analyzes human rights issues addressed during the COP19 negotiations in Warsaw, Poland, focusing on ambition, the Clean Development Mechanism, gender, the Green Climate Fund, public participation, and REDD+.

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