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The document details public consultations in Garissa County regarding the re-alignment of the Lokichar to Lamu Crude Oil Pipeline (LLCOP) to avoid Kenya Defence Force (KDF) barracks at Modikare. Stakeholders raised concerns over land ownership, compensation for community-owned land without title deeds, the impact on grazing lands and acacia trees, and the environmental effects of pipeline heating and generator emissions. The project team clarified that the pipeline is a closed system, will be buried to allow grazing, and that land acquisition is a separate process managed by the National Land Commission (NLC).

The document details a stakeholder meeting in Garissa County regarding the re-routing of the Lokichar to Lamu Crude Oil Pipeline (LLCOP) to avoid Kenya Defence Force barracks. Key discussions centered on the technical specifications of pipeline stations, the use of fuel generators and their emissions, land acquisition processes for pastoralist communities, and the environmental impact of subterranean heating on plant germination.

This case study describes the first climate change court case in South Africa, concerning the environmental authorisation of the 1200MW Thabametsi coal-fired power station.

The document establishes the framework for a strategic environmental assessment (SEA) of Estonia's Transport and Mobility Development Plan for 2021-2030. It defines the SEA's purpose as identifying significant environmental effects, exploring alternatives, and finding mitigation measures to ensure the transport plan aligns with EU and Estonian environmental policies. The assessment covers a 10-to-15-year horizon and focuses on key environmental elements including greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity, water quality, and human health. The methodology involves a compliance analysis, an external effects analysis, and the proposal of mitigation measures. The document also lists the stakeholders involved and provides a timeline for the SEA process, which includes public consultation and inter-agency coordination.

The document announces the availability of the Block 3B/4B EIA Report regarding oil and gas exploration rights granted in 2019 to a joint venture consisting of Africa Oil SA Corp, Ricocure (Pty) Ltd, and Azinam Limited off the west coast of South Africa.

The report examines several green energy initiatives across Africa, highlighting a recurring failure to conduct meaningful public consultation and respect land rights. Through case studies on green hydrogen in South Africa and Namibia, nuclear and geothermal power in Kenya, and wind energy in Kenya, the document demonstrates how 'green' labels are often used to bypass human rights standards. It concludes with recommendations for international financiers and states to mandate human rights targets and prioritize the rights of Indigenous peoples and marginalized communities in the Just Energy Transition.

The document outlines proposed oil and gas exploration activities by a joint venture (Africa Oil SA Corp, Ricocure (Pty) Ltd, and Azinam Limited) in Block 3B/4B off South Africa's west coast. It details the planned drilling of up to five wells, the associated logistics involving ports and helicopters, and the potential environmental and social risks. Key concerns include impacts on marine biodiversity, noise pollution, disruptions to fishing and tourism livelihoods, and the contribution of fossil fuel expansion to the climate crisis. Conversely, it notes potential short-term economic gains and job creation. The guide provides a timeline for the EIA process and instructions for the public to submit comments by 8 February 2024.

The Department of Mineral and Petroleum Resources (DMR) granted environmental authorisation on 30 June 2025 for Shell Offshore Upstream South Africa B.V. and its partners to conduct oil and gas exploration in the Northern Cape Ultra Deep (NCUD) block. The project area is approximately 5,254km in size, located 300km offshore of Port Nolloth and extending towards Strandfontein in waters 2,500m to 3,200m deep. Shell plans to drill two exploration wells in the first year and three in the second, starting in 2026 or 2027. The document outlines the legal process for appealing this decision to the Department of Forestry Fisheries and Environment (DFFE) by 29 July 2025, noting that a filed appeal automatically suspends the authorisation under Section 47(7) of NEMA. It also highlights potential environmental and social risks identified in the draft Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), including underwater noise affecting fish behavior, threats to critically endangered species like blue whales and leatherback turtles, and the risk of oil spills causing toxicity, suffocation of marine fauna, and the smothering of coastal habitats. Additionally, the guide notes potential negative impacts on small-scale fishing livelihoods, tourism, and the spiritual and cultural heritage of indigenous groups such as the First Peoples and Nguni.

The guide outlines a comprehensive legal framework for managing the environmental and social impacts of large-scale mining throughout its entire lifecycle. It identifies 20 essential components for a robust legal system, ranging from sustainable development commitments and public participation to financial guarantees for mine closure. The document provides a phased approach for government action—covering exploration, planning, construction, operation, and closure—and offers practical tools, such as gap analyses and checklists, to help governments improve their regulatory governance and avoid the social and environmental legacies of abandoned mines.

The document outlines a comprehensive legal framework for managing the environmental and social impacts of large-scale mining throughout the mine life cycle. It identifies 20 essential components of a robust legal framework, ranging from sustainable development commitments and public consultation to financial guarantees for mine closure. The guide details key government actions across four phases: exploration (screening), planning (ESIA review and approval), construction and operation (monitoring and enforcement), and closure (post-mining transition). It emphasizes the need for inter-ministerial coordination, the avoidance of legal stabilization of environmental clauses to allow for updates, and the use of gap analyses to improve national legal frameworks.

The Living Convention Volume I is a guide that aggregates disparate international laws, declarations, and voluntary guidelines into a structured compendium. It focuses on the rights of Indigenous peoples, local communities, and peasants, categorizing them into substantive rights (such as land tenure, food sovereignty, and cultural heritage) and procedural rights (such as free, prior and informed consent and access to justice). The document aims to democratize international law to empower these groups in negotiations, litigation, and the management of their social-ecological systems.

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the Bumdeling Wildlife Sanctuary (BWS) outlines the safeguards and mitigation strategies for four key activities planned for 2020: Ramsar campsite development, bank protection for Dungtsho lake, boundary zonation, and the construction of a guard post. The plan ensures compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP), with the latter prevailing in cases of discrepancy regarding land use rights and community consultation. The ESMP identifies potential minor short-term impacts, primarily related to construction waste and worker health and safety, and assigns responsibility for monitoring and mitigation to the BFL focal person and contracted engineers.

The document outlines a site-specific management plan for the Jigme Khesar Strict Nature Reserve (JKSNR) in Bhutan. It identifies four primary activity areas for 2020: the construction of eco-tourism structures along the Haa-Nubtsonapata trail, the improvement of five waterholes, the construction of a reserve head office and access road at Bjee, and the construction of a range office and staff quarters at Sombeykha. The plan assesses potential risks—such as noise disturbance, dust pollution, waste generation, and soil erosion—and prescribes specific mitigation measures, including the use of earplugs for workers, water-spraying on dry days, and a 'garbage-in and garbage-out' policy. It establishes a monitoring framework involving weekly field visits and quarterly reports to ensure compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures.

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Phibsoo Wildlife Sanctuary (PWS) outlines mitigation strategies for infrastructure and conservation activities planned for 2020 under the Bhutan for Life (BFL) project. The plan addresses potential risks such as noise, air pollution, waste generation, and human-wildlife conflict associated with the construction of a range office, waterhole restoration, and river bank protection. It mandates strict adherence to both Royal Government of Bhutan laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures, with the latter prevailing in cases of discrepancy regarding community consultation and compensation for non-title land holders.

The ESMP for Biological Corridor 8 (BC 08) in Bhutan outlines the environmental and social safeguards required for five planned activities in 2020: the construction of a Range Office, maintenance of an existing office, restoration of lowland grasslands, improvement of waterholes and salt licks, and combined zonation. The document provides a baseline of the area's high forest cover (over 99%), rich biodiversity including endangered species like the tiger and red panda, and the socio-economic dependence of local households on forest and livestock resources. It details specific mitigation measures for risks such as noise, waste, water contamination, and occupational hazards, while establishing a monitoring and stakeholder engagement framework to ensure compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan laws and WWF safeguard policies.

The document outlines a site-specific management plan for the Royal Manas National Park (RMNP) to ensure that infrastructure and conservation activities in 2020 comply with both Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP). It identifies seven key activities—including the construction of a Tiger Research Field Station and a guard post, and the restoration of lowland grasslands—and provides specific mitigation measures for risks such as waste generation, worker health and safety, and potential increases in poaching. The plan establishes a monitoring framework involving weekly field visits and quarterly reports to ensure compliance, with project funding contingent upon meeting these safeguard requirements.

The ESMP for Biological Corridor 2 (BC 2) outlines the environmental and social safeguards for specific 2020 activities, including the construction of a range office, improvement of waterholes and salt licks, and the management of RAMSAR sites. It identifies potential risks such as waste generation, worker safety, and human-wildlife conflict, providing detailed mitigation measures and monitoring schedules to ensure compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP).

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Biological Corridor 5 (BC5) outlines the mitigation strategies for planned 2020 activities in the Pema Gatshel and Samdrup Jongkhar districts of Bhutan. The project, part of the broader 'Bhutan for Life' (BFL) initiative, focuses on habitat enrichment through waterhole and saltlick improvement and the construction of river protection walls to prevent flooding. The ESMP identifies potential risks such as waste generation, worker safety, and increased poaching, prescribing specific mitigation measures and a rigorous monitoring framework involving BFL focal persons and ESS consultants. It emphasizes compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP), with the latter prevailing in cases of discrepancy regarding land use and community consultation.

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Biological Corridor 1 (BC 1) outlines the framework for mitigating adverse impacts resulting from the construction of a beat office and the improvement of waterholes and salt licks in 2020. BC 1, a 149 sq. km area between Jigme Dorji National Park and Jigme Khesar Strict Nature Reserve, supports endangered species including the Tiger and Snow leopard. The plan mandates compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP), with the latter prevailing in cases of discrepancy regarding land use rights and community consultation. Key mitigation strategies include noise and dust control for construction, increased patrolling to prevent poaching at waterholes, and strict waste management to protect nearby streams. Implementation is managed by BFL focal persons and contractors, with funding for the beat office at US$71,600 and waterhole/salt lick improvements at US$4,761.9.

The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Biological Corridor 3 (BC 3) outlines the mitigation strategies for planned 2020 activities under the Bhutan for Life (BFL) project. The plan focuses on the restoration of waterholes, salt licks, and lowland grasslands across the Sarpang and Tsirang Dzongkhags. It identifies potential risks such as increased poaching, waste generation, and worker safety, providing specific mitigation measures and monitoring schedules to ensure compliance with both Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) laws and WWF's Social Safeguards Integrated Policies and Procedures (SIPP).