Search Climate Insights Directory

In August 2025, wind and solar power generated 34% of Brazil's electricity, totaling 19.0 TWh, the highest monthly share on record. This growth has allowed Brazil to maintain low fossil fuel generation (14% in August 2025) despite hydro output hitting a four-year low of 27 TWh due to drought. Between 2014 and 2024, wind and solar generation increased fifteenfold, contributing to a 31% decline in power sector emissions to 79 MtCO2 in 2024. While demand growth has accelerated to 5.3% in 2024, solar capacity additions slowed in the first half of 2025 to 7.1 GW due to grid congestion and regulatory uncertainty.

The framework, co-produced with COSATU, argues that South Africa's transition must be treated as a public good to avoid the risks of private financing, such as increased inequality and higher energy costs. It advocates for an 'eco-socialism' approach and suggests specific financial mechanisms, including a Climate Response Fund and the reorientation of Development Finance Institutions, to ensure the transition creates jobs and reduces poverty.

The author contends that 'net zero' is an uninspiring and technical term that has been weaponised by opposition as an 'elitist' agenda. Instead of focusing on abstract targets, the document suggests communicating climate action through tangible community improvements—such as solar panels on leisure centres and school tree planting—and highlighting achievements like the fact that renewable energy now powers 50% of the UK energy mix. This statement serves as an introduction to the 'Britain Talks Climate and Nature' report, which aims to move away from polarising language toward a blueprint for a prosperous future.

Central Europe's solar generation grew at twice the EU average rate between 2019 and 2024, with cumulative output increasing from 5 TWh to 29 TWh. While Hungary, Poland, and Czechia have seen significant surges—with Hungary reaching nearly 25% solar share in 2024—Slovakia has lagged due to policy hurdles. Despite this growth, the region's battery deployment remains low at 0.1 GW as of August 2025, though Poland has a substantial 7.3 GW project pipeline. The report argues that the region must improve grid flexibility and storage to sustain solar momentum and leverage its position as a global battery manufacturing hub.

Kotzebue, Alaska, a remote community of 3,000 people, has transitioned from total reliance on diesel generators to a diversified energy mix including wind, solar, and battery storage. By implementing utility-scale wind generation—a first within the Arctic Circle—and a 1 MW solar array, the town has displaced 350,000–400,000 gallons of diesel annually. These efforts aim to insulate the community from volatile global fuel prices and seasonal supply constraints, with a target of 50 to 60 percent renewable generation by 2030.

China is rapidly transitioning its energy system through massive investment in renewables, grid infrastructure, and whole-economy electrification. This shift is moving China toward a peak in fossil fuel use and is driving down the global cost of clean technologies, enabling emerging markets to leapfrog traditional development paths and potentially triggering a structural decline in global fossil fuel demand by 2030.

China is transitioning from a focus on adding renewable capacity to building a "new electricity system" that integrates high levels of variable energy. In 2024, China invested $625 billion USD in clean energy, significantly outpacing other major regions. This shift, combined with expanding electrification in industry, transport, and buildings, is contributing to a structural decline in fossil fuel generation. By the first half of 2025, combined wind and solar generation surpassed the combined output of hydro, nuclear, and bioenergy, and total installed capacity for these sources exceeded that of coal for the first time.

China's massive scale in producing solar, wind, batteries, and electric vehicles has significantly lowered global costs, with solar module prices falling over 70% between 2022 and mid-2025. This manufacturing capacity allows China to potentially supply the entire world's solar needs for 2030 as defined by the IEA. These affordable technologies are facilitating an 'energy leapfrog' in emerging markets across Africa, Asia, and Latin America, where some countries now have higher solar shares in power generation than the US. Consequently, China's own fossil fuel demand is approaching a plateau, and the global demand for fossil fuels is projected to be in structural decline by 2030.

The document argues that the climate emergency requires broad public participation in daily life and positions the upcoming 2025 public participation strategy from the Department for Security, Energy and Net Zero (DESNZ) as a critical mechanism to harness existing projects and networks. It aims to guide DESNZ in integrating established work and insights to ensure people are central to achieving a sustainable and fair future.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) argues that investment treaties must evolve from static instruments of investor protection into policy tools that address specific climate challenges. The submission outlines a three-step framework: assessing the realistic capabilities and limitations of treaties, identifying specific climate-related policy problems (such as energy sector bottlenecks and fossil fuel subsidies), and determining avenues for positive contributions, including enhancing transparency, requiring responsible business conduct, and facilitating cross-border cooperation.

The document examines Nigeria's vulnerability to global energy transitions due to its heavy reliance on oil and gas exports, high production costs, and limited economic diversification. It highlights the risks of reduced government revenue and job losses while identifying opportunities in critical minerals, natural gas as a transition fuel, and non-oil sector growth.

The report analyzes climate finance flows in Southeast Asia, finding a heavy reliance on international capital despite growing domestic interest. It focuses on Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam, identifying that while corporates are the primary local investors, institutional and financial institutions remain underutilized due to risk perceptions and loan tenor mismatches. The document argues that blended finance—through guarantees, technical assistance, and project aggregation—can catalyze local investment in nature-based solutions, adaptation, and utility-scale renewables.

The Kandy Declaration, issued during the 3rd Nyéléni World Forum in Sri Lanka, is a call for systemic transformation by a global coalition of social movements, Indigenous peoples, and civil society. It argues that capitalism and imperialism drive multiple crises—including climate change, biodiversity loss, and food insecurity—through extractivism, industrial agriculture, and the commodification of nature. The document advocates for a transition toward agroecology, food sovereignty, and feminist economies, while demanding the reform of the UN multilateral system to prioritize people over corporate interests. Key commitments include fighting for a legally binding treaty on transnational corporate accountability, implementing a feminist and just energy transition, and opposing 'green and blue' neoliberal regimes.

The briefing argues that nuclear power is an impractical solution for near-term climate targets in Europe and Australia due to systemic delays, high costs, and a high rate of project cancellations. In Europe, utility-scale wind and solar capacity under construction or in pre-construction outweighs nuclear by fourteen to one, and solar generation surpassed nuclear in the EU for the first time in mid-2025. In Australia, the document concludes that nuclear is unlikely to replace coal by 2038 because construction timelines—estimated by CSIRO to be at least five years longer than the global average—would require groundbreaking by the end of 2025. Globally, the Global Nuclear Power Tracker indicates that 38% of all proposed nuclear capacity (566 GW) has been cancelled.

The report finds that by 2031, total federal and provincial support for the BC LNG sector will amount to CAD 3.93 billion. This support includes CAD 1.62 billion in federal public finance and CAD 2.16 billion in provincial support through foregone revenue, reduced electricity rates, and enabling infrastructure. The authors argue that these subsidies shift risk from the private sector to the public and undermine British Columbia's climate targets by failing to uphold the polluter pays principle.

The report finds that while CETP signatories have significantly reduced international public finance for fossil fuels, this has not been matched by a corresponding increase in clean energy support. It highlights ongoing policy violations by several high-income countries and the risk of backsliding due to political shifts, particularly the United States' exit from the partnership in February 2025. The authors recommend a joint quantitative target of at least USD 42 billion per year for clean energy in emerging markets and developing economies by 2026.

The report examines climate litigation in the oil and gas sectors of Latin America and the Caribbean, highlighting a strong reliance on human rights and constitutional frameworks. While the region leads the Global South in climate cases, it faces significant barriers including institutional weaknesses, violence against environmental defenders, and a gap in scientific evidence. The study contrasts these with Global North trends, such as 'climate washing' and corporate-focused lawsuits, and discusses the potential for transnational litigation to hold Northern companies accountable for Southern impacts.

The document provides a comprehensive analysis of how the transition to net-zero emissions affects nine global sectors: agriculture, carbon markets, critical minerals, digital transformation, energy transition, fisheries, heavy industries, shipping, and textiles and garments. It examines the intersection of trade policies and climate action, highlighting the risks of 'green protectionism' and the potential for developing countries to capture new economic opportunities through value addition and green industrialization. The reports emphasize the need for international cooperation to ensure a just transition, particularly for least developed countries (LDCs) and small island developing states (SIDS).

The report evaluates the impact of the Rempang Eco City project, a National Strategic Project (PSN) intended for solar panel and alumina industries. Through economic valuation, the study finds that the average household income on Rempang Island is IDR 32.77 million per month, contradicting government claims of IDR 3 million. The research estimates that the project causes environmental losses of approximately Rp109 million per household per month, driven by the destruction of mangrove ecosystems, loss of livelihoods in fisheries and agriculture, and forced relocation. The document criticizes the project's Environmental Impact Assessment (AMDAL) for lacking community participation and transparency, and recommends the complete cancellation of the project to ensure socio-ecological justice.

The briefing examines the Tangguh LNG project in West Papua, Indonesia, highlighting its environmental and social impacts and the role of multilateral development banks (MDBs) in its financing. It argues that the proposed expansion to Train 4 and the implementation of carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) are 'false solutions' that prolong fossil fuel dependency. The document criticises the ADB, IFC, and AIIB for inadequate Paris Alignment methodologies and energy policies that allow continued gas investment. It recommends that MDBs cease all fossil fuel funding, plug financial intermediary loopholes, and strengthen accountability mechanisms for affected Indigenous communities.