Country and region analysis

In the first half of 2025, China, India, the EU, and the US accounted for 63% of global electricity demand and 64% of CO2 emissions. China and India saw declines in fossil fuel generation as clean energy growth outpaced demand, with China contributing 55% of global solar and 82% of global wind growth. Conversely, the US experienced a rise in emissions as solar and wind growth failed to keep pace with demand, leading to a 17% increase in coal generation. In the EU, strong solar growth was offset by declines in wind and hydro due to poor weather conditions, resulting in a 14% increase in gas generation and a 4.8% rise in power sector emissions.

• China, India, the EU, and the US are the dominant drivers of the global power sector, collectively representing 63% of global electricity demand and 64% of CO2 emissions in H1-2025.
• China led global clean energy expansion in H1-2025, accounting for 55% of the global increase in solar generation, 82% of the increase in wind generation, and 73% of nuclear growth. This growth allowed China to meet all its demand growth with clean electricity, reducing power sector emissions by 46 MtCO2 (-1.7%).
• In the US, electricity demand grew by 76 TWh (+3.6%) in H1-2025, outstripping the growth of solar and wind, which met only 65% of the increase. This gap led to a 17% increase in coal generation (51 TWh) and a 4.3% rise in power sector emissions (33 MtCO2).
• India achieved record solar and wind growth in H1-2025, with solar generation rising by 17 TWh (+25%) and wind by 11 TWh (+29%). Combined with lower electricity demand due to fewer heatwaves, this resulted in a 3.6% decrease in power sector emissions (24 MtCO2).
• The EU saw a 4.8% increase in power sector emissions (13 MtCO2) in H1-2025. While solar generation grew by 37 TWh (+24%), significant declines in wind (-8.5%) and hydro (-17%) due to poor weather conditions drove a 14% increase in gas-fired generation (25 TWh).

APA

Ember (2025). Country and region analysis. https://ember-energy.org/chapter/country-and-region-analysis/

Chicago

Ember. Country and region analysis. 2025. https://ember-energy.org/chapter/country-and-region-analysis/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Ember |title=Country and region analysis |date=7 October 2025 |url=https://ember-energy.org/chapter/country-and-region-analysis/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{ember2025country, author = {{Ember}}, title = {{Country and region analysis}}, institution = {Ember}, year = {2025}, month = oct, url = {https://ember-energy.org/chapter/country-and-region-analysis/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }