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The 'Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2025: EMDE Spotlight' fact sheet analyzes climate finance flows to emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). It reports that while total climate finance to these 157 countries surpassed USD 1 trillion in 2023, there remains a significant gap compared to the estimated USD 4 trillion required annually by 2030. The document highlights the dominance of China in overall flows, the growth of domestic private financing in emerging markets, and the persistent underfunding of adaptation and hard-to-abate sectors.

This executive summary by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes 30 international financial mechanisms designed to support tropical forests, focusing on conservation, restoration, and the reduction of deforestation. The report identifies a significant funding gap, noting that while current mechanisms mobilize US$ 25.9 billion, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) estimates a need for US$ 66.8 billion annually until 2030 to realize full forest potential.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics explains the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA), a framework established under the 2015 Paris Agreement to set measurable targets and indicators for climate adaptation. It details the role of the GGA in monitoring progress, the proposed indicators to be discussed at COP30 in Belém, the current state of National Adaptation Plans, and the significant financing gap for adaptation in developing countries.

This executive summary from RMI outlines five practical insights to improve the bankability of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) projects, focusing on risk-sharing, contract design, and cashflow stability to attract low-cost debt and accelerate the transition to low-carbon aviation.

The document details a new purchase guarantee for domestic coal power plants in Turkey, providing a fixed price of 75 USD/MWh for 60% of their electricity production until 2030. This incentive is estimated to cost 8.7 billion USD and operates alongside an existing capacity mechanism that covers fixed and variable costs regardless of actual production.

The Turkish government has announced a purchase guarantee of $75 USD/MWh for 60% of electricity generated by domestic coal power plants until 2030, an incentive estimated to cost $8.7 billion. This guarantee is 12% higher than the average electricity sales price over the past year and 27% higher than the total costs determined by the Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation (TEİAŞ). These payments will exist alongside an existing capacity mechanism that compensates plants for fixed and variable costs even when they are not generating electricity.

This report by Ember analyzes the financial implications of Türkiye's decision to provide purchase guarantees for domestic coal power plants until 2030. It argues that the $8.7 billion allocated for these subsidies contradicts the country's renewable energy goals, as solar power has become the cheapest source of electricity generation in Türkiye. The report suggests that redirecting these funds toward grid modernization and removing bureaucratic barriers to diverse solar applications could help Türkiye achieve its 2035 target of 120 GW of installed wind and solar capacity.

This policy brief by the South African Institute of International Affairs outlines priorities for Africa's adaptation finance under the South African G20 presidency. It highlights a severe funding gap, where Africa requires $187–359 billion annually but faces an 80% shortfall in adaptation investment. The document advocates for a shift from debt-creating loans to grant-based and concessional finance, leveraging G20 working groups and MDB reforms to support National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and locally led adaptation.

The Indonesia Power Sector Finance Dashboard (October 2025) analyzes investment flows in Indonesia's power sector from 2019 to 2023. It highlights a significant gap between current investments and the USD 246 billion required to meet 2030 climate targets, noting that fossil fuel (FF) investments—particularly in captive power for industrial use—continue to dominate over renewable energy (RE). The report also examines the operational efficiency and funding of the state-owned utility PLN.

A report by Trend Asia and partners detailing the financial support provided by multilateral development banks (MDBs) to the Tangguh LNG project in Indonesia and the resulting environmental and social risks.

The Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) proposes the Automotive Component Technology Upgradation Financing Facility (AC-TUFF) to support Indian micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in transitioning from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicle (EV) value chains. The report identifies a significant investment gap and proposes a tiered capital stack combined with technical assistance to enable MSMEs to upgrade technology and processes.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes public financial support for the liquefied natural gas (LNG) sector in British Columbia, arguing that government subsidies shift risks from private investors to the public while ignoring environmental costs and market volatility.

This policy brief argues that climate finance is significantly misaligned with the needs of livestock systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It advocates for reframing livestock as multifunctional assets capable of delivering 'triple wins'—simultaneous climate mitigation, adaptation, and socio-economic benefits—and provides specific policy recommendations for the G20 to unlock targeted funding.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative argues that Indonesia can accelerate methane abatement by embedding specific technical screening criteria (TSC) for methane-reducing activities into Version 3 of its national sustainable finance taxonomy (TKBI). The document highlights a significant funding gap for methane mitigation in the agriculture and waste sectors and suggests that granular taxonomy definitions are essential to make these projects bankable for private investors.

This RMI fact sheet examines the practice of gas line extension allowances—subsidies where existing customers fund the cost of connecting new buildings to the natural gas system—and the movement among US states to phase them out to lower utility bills and support electrification.

This report, commissioned by the G20 Sustainable Finance Working Group under the 2025 South African G20 Presidency, examines how Vertical Climate and Environmental Funds (VCEFs), Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), and National Development Banks (NDBs) can collaborate to scale climate finance. It identifies financial and non-financial barriers to cooperation and proposes a roadmap of short- and mid-term actions to improve interoperability, leverage local currency financing, and mobilize private capital to meet sustainable development and climate goals.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) evaluates the first 18 updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted by non-Annex I parties by May 31, 2025. It assesses whether these 'NDC 3.0' documents are evolving into 'investment-ready' prospectuses by analyzing three dimensions: the quantification of financial needs, the design of mobilization strategies, and the credibility of implementation plans.

This report outlines financing strategies and implementation pathways to develop the charging and grid infrastructure necessary for the adoption of zero-emission trucks (ZETs) in India, emphasizing the need for coordinated action between public and private stakeholders to meet net-zero goals by 2070.

This report by the Green Guarantee Group (GGG) provides a roadmap to scale the use of green guarantees to mobilize private capital for climate action in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). It identifies systemic barriers—including regulatory constraints under the Basel Framework, currency risks, and data gaps—and proposes four primary recommendations to optimize guarantees as a catalytic investment tool to help meet global climate finance targets.

This policy brief by the South African Institute of International Affairs advocates for global participation in the Global Solidarity Levy Task Force (GSLTF) to mobilize finance for climate action and sustainable development. It outlines 16 proposed tax options targeting undertaxed, high-emission sectors to address a significant global financing gap, urging developing countries to engage in the design and assessment of these levies to ensure equitable access to funds.