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This case study examines Australia's approach to creating an enabling environment for direct employment in the mining sector, focusing on the integration of government policy, education initiatives, and the development of the Mining Equipment, Technology and Services (METS) sector to maximize local industry participation.

This case study examines Australia's historical attempts to develop a domestic steel industry through government intervention, protectionism, and downstream beneficiation requirements, ultimately highlighting the challenges of maintaining global competitiveness after protective measures are removed.

This case study examines Botswana's approach to increasing local procurement in the mining industry, focusing on the alignment between demand-side preferential treatment and supply-side supplier development programs.

This case study examines the use of Impact and Benefit Agreements (IBAs) in Canada to protect Indigenous rights and promote local employment, focusing specifically on the Voisey’s Bay nickel mine in Newfoundland and Labrador. It details how the Joint Education and Training Authority (JETA), supported by federal funding, acted as an Indigenous-led intermediary to train local Innu and Inuit peoples for roles at the mine.

This case study examines Kazakhstan's approach to promoting local procurement in the extractives sector through a combination of demand-side preferential treatment, strict reporting requirements, and supply-side industrial development programs.

This case study examines the challenges faced by Nigeria's state-led efforts to develop a downstream oil and gas industry, highlighting how mismanagement and political interference have prevented the country from becoming a net exporter of refined petroleum products.

This case study examines the development of horizontal linkages in South Africa's mining sector, highlighting how specialized expertise gained from overcoming unique geological and technical constraints allowed local suppliers to diversify into other industries and international markets. It notes that these linkages were primarily driven by market forces and private sector innovation rather than government policy, though recent policy uncertainty and skills shortages have challenged the sector's competitiveness.

This case study examines South Africa's use of demand-side and supply-side policy options to promote local procurement in the mining sector, specifically focusing on reducing inequality through the empowerment of historically disadvantaged South Africans.

This case study examines Tanzania's difficulties in establishing horizontal linkages within its mining sector, focusing on the failures of its National System of Innovation (NSI) and the complexities of the Central Development Corridor (CDC) infrastructure project.

This executive summary provides a framework for governments to design and implement local content policies in the mining sector to promote inclusive economic development and diversification. It outlines a four-step process—aligning with national objectives, taking stock of capabilities, crafting specific policy instruments, and establishing monitoring mechanisms—while warning that these policies must be context-specific and compliant with international trade laws.

This executive summary outlines a guide for governments to develop local content policies in the mining sector. It proposes a four-step framework: aligning with national goals, conducting a situational inventory, designing policies (covering procurement, employment, horizontal/downstream links, and domestic capacity), and establishing monitoring systems. The document highlights the need for context-specific solutions and warns of challenges such as industry automation and conflicts with international trade laws (WTO).

This executive summary provides a guide for governments on implementing local content policies in the mining sector to promote inclusive economic development. It outlines a four-step process—aligning with national goals, conducting a situational assessment, policy design, and monitoring—while detailing five types of local content objectives: local procurement, direct local employment, horizontal linkages, downstream linkages, and national capacity building. The document emphasizes that there is no universal model and warns of challenges such as technological automation and international trade law conflicts.

This report details a regional training workshop on the management of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) held in Yaoundé, Cameroon, from February 26 to March 1, 2018. Organized by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining (IGF) in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the event gathered over 50 public and private sector officials from 17 French-speaking African countries to implement the 'IGF Guide for Governments: Managing Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining'.

This practical guide, developed by the OECD and the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF), provides guidance for developing countries on limiting excessive interest deductions used by multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the mining sector to erode tax bases and shift profits abroad.

This policy brief from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) argues that biomass is a viable and abundant renewable energy source in Manitoba. It highlights the potential for both traditional and ecological biomass to replace fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and provide environmental benefits such as nutrient removal from landscapes. The document calls for the Government of Manitoba to support bioenergy markets through financial investment, infrastructure development, and research into high-value bioproducts.

This report summarizes an expert meeting co-hosted by IISD and FES in 2018 regarding the integration of investor obligations into trade and investment agreements. It addresses the current asymmetry where investors have strong protections but few obligations. The report proposes model provisions covering compliance with domestic law, anti-corruption, human rights, labour and environmental standards, transparency of contracts, pre-establishment impact assessments, and the prevention of tax base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS). It also explores enforcement mechanisms, including state counterclaims in ISDS and civil liability in home-state courts.

This report documents an expert meeting held in Ottawa on June 13, 2018, hosted by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). The meeting brought together Canadian government officials, academics, and civil society representatives to discuss the reform of international investment law and the development of a progressive agenda for Canada, specifically regarding the revision of its Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement (FIPA) model.

This supplementary guidance note provides a framework and a financial modelling tool to help governments estimate the total cost of mining tax incentives, specifically focusing on the 'hidden' costs arising from investor behavioural responses. It details how to calculate direct costs, model behavioural changes such as high-grading and excessive interest deductions, and test these estimates through sensitivity analysis and scenario modelling.

This guide, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in 2018, provides a framework and a financial model developed by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) to estimate the costs of tax incentives in the mining sector. It specifically focuses on calculating both the direct revenue losses and the indirect costs resulting from 'behavioral responses'—actions taken by investors to maximize financial benefits from incentives, which often lead to unforeseen revenue losses for governments.

This guidance note, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in 2018, provides a framework and a financial model for governments to estimate the direct and behavioral costs of tax incentives in the mining industry. It emphasizes that investors may alter their behavior to maximize financial gains from incentives, leading to unforeseen revenue losses for the state.