GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS CLIMÁTICOS PARA LA AGRICULTURA EN PERÚ: ENFOQUE EN LAS REGIONES DE JUNÍN Y PIURA

This report, prepared by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) for the UNDP, evaluates climate risks and management capacities in Peru, with a specific focus on the agricultural sectors of the Junín and Piura regions. It analyzes the interaction between climate threats—such as El Niño, droughts, and frosts—and the vulnerability of rural populations, providing recommendations for integrated risk management and policy coordination.

• Peru's climate is characterized by extreme diversity due to its complex topography, ranging from hot and dry coastal areas to temperate Andean valleys, cold highlands, and hot, humid Amazonian regions.
• Interannual climate variability in Peru is primarily driven by the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which triggers major threats including droughts, floods, and frosts. Historically, El Niño events have caused the most severe economic damage, with estimated losses of 2.3 billion USD in 1982-1983 and 2 billion USD in 1997-1998.
• Observable climate trends include a temperature increase of 0.2°C per decade over the last 40 years across most of the territory. Glaciers are retreating rapidly, with a 22% decrease in surface area over the last 35 years, and the Huaytapallana mountain range glaciers decreased by nearly 60% between 1976 and 2006.
• Climate projections for 2030 suggest warming of approximately 1.6°C in the northern Andes and the Amazon, with precipitation reductions of 10% to 20% projected for the Andes and potential increases of similar magnitude for the coast and Amazon.
• In the Mantaro River basin (Junín), frosts and 'veranillos' (meteorological droughts) significantly impact potato and maize production. A strong frost in early 2007 reduced potato and maize production by an average of 12.8% and 13.5%, respectively.
• In the Piura River basin, El Niño phases are associated with yield reductions of 20% or more for rice, cotton, and mangoes. Projections for 2030 suggest that mango yields could decrease by nearly 25% due to warming temperatures exceeding optimal ranges during flowering.
• Local communities in Junín and Piura exhibit high vulnerability due to poverty, environmental degradation, and a lack of adequate public management. While some sustainable coping strategies exist—such as crop diversification and rainwater harvesting—communities generally lack sufficient internal and external capacity to adapt.
• Peru's climate risk management is split between disaster risk management (led by CENEPRED and INDECI under SINAGERD) and climate change adaptation (led by MINAM). The report identifies a lack of formal coordination mechanisms between these two communities.
• The national meteorological network of over 1,100 stations is fragmented, geographically concentrated on the coast and highlands, and relies heavily on manual readings, which limits the accuracy of localized projections and early warning systems.
• Priority recommendations for the agricultural sector include improving water management (technical irrigation, small dams, and groundwater use), diversifying crops, utilizing organic fertilizers, and establishing agricultural insurance to mutualize risks.

APA

Keller, M., & Echeverría, D. (2013). GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS CLIMÁTICOS PARA LA AGRICULTURA EN PERÚ: ENFOQUE EN LAS REGIONES DE JUNÍN Y PIURA. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/crm_peru_es.pdf

Chicago

Keller, Marius, and Daniella Echeverría. GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS CLIMÁTICOS PARA LA AGRICULTURA EN PERÚ: ENFOQUE EN LAS REGIONES DE JUNÍN Y PIURA. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2013. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/crm_peru_es.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Keller |first1=Marius |last2=Echeverría |first2=Daniella |title=GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS CLIMÁTICOS PARA LA AGRICULTURA EN PERÚ: ENFOQUE EN LAS REGIONES DE JUNÍN Y PIURA |publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development |date=January 2013 |url=https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/crm_peru_es.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{keller2013gestin, author = {Keller, Marius and Echeverría, Daniella}, title = {{GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS CLIMÁTICOS PARA LA AGRICULTURA EN PERÚ: ENFOQUE EN LAS REGIONES DE JUNÍN Y PIURA}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2013}, month = jan, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/crm_peru_es.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }