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This document presents results from Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) assessments of nature-based solutions. In the Netherlands, the Hondsbossche Dunes project was found to offer greater net benefits than a conventional sheet pile wall. Additionally, the text mentions that sustainable tourism in Geopark Teskei outperforms mass tourism and references a resilience assessment in the Dechatu River Catchment in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.

This guidebook provides recommendations for state policy-makers in India to sustainably deploy standalone solar pumps, specifically within the framework of the PM-KUSUM scheme, to maximize social benefits for low-income farmers and minimize groundwater over-withdrawal.

This case study by the International Institute for Sustainable Development discusses the necessity of watershed-scale governance for mine water management to balance industrial needs with human rights and environmental sustainability, highlighting examples from Mongolia and Chile.

This case study examines mine waste governance and leadership in Ghana and the Province of British Columbia, Canada, highlighting how different economic sizes and mining histories can both implement best practices to mitigate environmental and social risks.

This policy brief reviews fifty years of international efforts to regulate ocean dumping, focusing on the evolution from the 1972 London Convention to the more restrictive 1996 London Protocol. It examines the challenges of managing radioactive waste, the regulation of climate mitigation technologies like carbon capture and storage (CCS), and the role of regional treaties in protecting marine ecosystems.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines how voluntary sustainability standards (VSSs) can alleviate poverty for the estimated 500 million smallholder farmer families globally, focusing on access to resources, opportunities, and power.

This report examines the adoption of new mining technologies in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and their impact on local procurement. While large-scale mining projects like Kibali and Kamoa-Kakula utilize advanced automation and green technologies, local suppliers struggle to capture high-value contracts due to gaps in capital, skills, and infrastructure. The report analyzes the 2018 Mining Code's efforts to mandate local content and identifies systemic barriers—including a weak manufacturing sector and outdated intellectual property laws—that hinder the transfer of technology to Congolese enterprises.

This report examines the adoption of new mining technologies in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and their impact on local procurement. While large-scale industrial mines like Kibali and Kamoa-Kakula utilize advanced automation and green energy, local suppliers struggle to access high-value contracts due to gaps in capital, specialized skills, and a weak manufacturing base. The document analyzes the effectiveness of the 2018 Mining Code and the 2017 Subcontracting Law in promoting local content, concluding that a more supportive regulatory and economic environment is necessary to translate technological advancement into sustainable local economic growth.

This research paper explores the intersection of trade policy and the transition to a low-carbon circular economy, arguing that circular solutions are indispensable for achieving global decarbonization goals. The authors advocate for government incentives to prioritize secondary materials over primary resources, the scaling of business models focused on product longevity and reuse, and the use of bilateral and regional trade agreements to eliminate barriers to circular goods and services.

An analysis by Carolyn Deere Birkbeck of the Forum on Trade, Environment and the SDGs regarding opportunities for the World Trade Organization (WTO) to address environmental crises and sustainable development during its 12th Ministerial Conference (MC12).

This case study examines how the government of Timor-Leste integrated Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) as a guiding principle within its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process to link climate action with ecosystem protection.

This report examines the intersection of climate change and agriculture in the Canadian Prairies, detailing the risks to productivity, the sector's contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, and the role of beneficial management practices (BMPs) and policy support in increasing resilience.

This joint submission by the Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment (CCSI), the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), and the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) provides comments to the UNCITRAL Working Group III on the reform of damages and compensation in Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS). The authors argue that current practices are inconsistent and create 'regulatory chill', particularly regarding climate action, and advocate for a legally binding multilateral treaty to standardize compensation and restrict speculative valuation methods.

This briefing describes Liberia's efforts to enhance sustainable agricultural investment through the renegotiation of large-scale land deals and administrative reforms following the 2006 installation of a democratically elected government.

This briefing from the International Institute for Sustainable Development provides five strategic recommendations for climate and development advocates seeking to engage with National Oil Companies (NOCs) to reduce fossil fuel supply and promote sustainable economies.

This policy brief examines the development and implementation of the Minamata Convention on Mercury, a legally binding global treaty designed to protect human health and the environment from mercury emissions and releases. It details the transition from regional marine protections to a comprehensive global framework, the specific challenges posed by artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM), and the reasons why mercury was addressed separately from other toxic heavy metals like lead and cadmium.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the challenges that 'fiscal stabilization clauses' pose to the implementation of the OECD's Second Pillar global minimum tax. It argues that these clauses, common in developing economies, may prevent governments from raising corporate taxes to the 15% minimum without risking international litigation, and provides recommendations for the OECD's model legislation to mitigate these risks.

This policy brief by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the conflict between the OECD's Pillar Two global minimum tax and 'tax stabilization' clauses often found in the national laws and investment agreements of developing countries. The document argues that these clauses, which freeze tax rates for investors, could prevent developing nations from implementing the 15% minimum tax and risk triggering international arbitration. It provides specific recommendations for the OECD's model legislation to ensure that the global minimum tax overrides such stabilization agreements.

This policy brief argues that Community-Based Water Monitoring (CBWM) is a cost-effective and scientifically rigorous method for collecting long-term water quality data across Canadian watersheds. It advocates for a shift from short-term competitive grants to long-term core funding to prevent the loss of technical capacity and the creation of 'dark data' that cannot be used for policy decisions.

This case study, part of the IISD 'Stories of Change' series, details Liberia's efforts to renegotiate large-scale agricultural concession agreements following its civil war. Through an interview with Ciata Bishop, the document explains how the government transitioned from outdated 'scoop and ship' contracts to a transparent, regulated framework designed to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) while ensuring community benefits, food security, and job creation.