Национальный доклад о состоянии окружающей среды: Узбекистан

The National Report on the State of the Environment: Uzbekistan (2023) provides a comprehensive assessment of environmental trends in the context of the country's socio-economic development. Using the Drivers-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR) framework, the report analyzes critical issues including climate change, water scarcity, land degradation, air pollution, and the ongoing Aral Sea crisis. It highlights the tension between rapid economic and population growth and the sustainability of natural resources, while detailing national strategies and international partnerships aimed at achieving a 'green' transition by 2030.

• Uzbekistan is highly vulnerable to climate change, with average annual temperatures rising from 13.2°C in 1880 to 14.8°C by 2016, a rate exceeding the global average.
• The country faces a critical water deficit, with water availability per capita decreasing from 3,1 m³ to 1,4 m³ over the last 15 years. Agriculture is the primary consumer, using approximately 90% of available water resources.
• Air pollution is driven by both stationary industrial sources and mobile sources, with vehicles contributing approximately 63% of total emissions. In major cities, mobile sources account for about 80% of emissions.
• The Aral Sea crisis continues to cause severe ecological and health impacts. Since 1960, the sea's volume decreased from 1,083 km³ to 69.31 km³, leading to the formation of the Aralkum desert on approximately 5 million hectares.
• Uzbekistan has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP by 35% by 2030 compared to 2010 levels. The energy sector is the largest contributor to emissions at 76%, followed by agriculture at 18%.
• Waste management remains a challenge; while the collection rate for municipal solid waste has increased to 86%, the recycling rate is only 32.4%, with most waste sent to landfills.
• The 'Yashil Makon' national project, launched in 2021, aims to plant 200 million trees and shrubs annually until 2030 to increase urban green spaces from 8% to 30%.
• Uzbekistan is expanding its 'green' energy capacity, with a goal of reaching 27 GW of renewable energy by 2030. In 2023, the first capacities of 2.6 GW from solar and wind projects were launched.
• Public health is impacted by environmental factors, with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) causing over 70% of deaths. The probability of premature death (before age 70) from four major NCD groups is 26.9%.

APA

-1, Асилбекова, Х., Яруллина, З., Плоцен, М., Шеримбетов, Х., Ли, Т., Талипов, Д., Абдуллаев, У., Махмудов, Б., Шакиров, Н., Абдухаликов, Д., Турсуналиев, А., Усманова, Ш., & Миршина, О. (2023). Национальный доклад о состоянии окружающей среды: Узбекистан. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-02/uzbekistan-state-of-the-environment-ru.pdf

Chicago

-1, Хания Асилбекова, Зульфия Яруллина, Марина Плоцен, Халилулла Шеримбетов, Татьяна Ли, Джахонгир Талипов, et al. Национальный доклад о состоянии окружающей среды: Узбекистан. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2023. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-02/uzbekistan-state-of-the-environment-ru.pdf.

Wikipedia

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BibTeX

@techreport{12023, author = {-1 and Асилбекова, Хания and Яруллина, Зульфия and Плоцен, Марина and Шеримбетов, Халилулла and Ли, Татьяна and Талипов, Джахонгир and Абдуллаев, Умаржон and Махмудов, Бобур and Шакиров, Нумонжон and Абдухаликов, Джавохир and Турсуналиев, Анвар and Усманова, Шахноза and Миршина, Ольга}, title = {{Национальный доклад о состоянии окружающей среды: Узбекистан}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2023}, month = dec, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-02/uzbekistan-state-of-the-environment-ru.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }