Atrof-muhit holati to‘g‘risida milliy ma’ruza O‘ZBEKISTON

This 2023 report, published by the International Institute for Sustainable Development on behalf of the Ministry of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan, provides a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment in Uzbekistan. Using the Drivers-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR) framework, the document analyzes trends in air quality, water resources, land degradation, biodiversity, and climate change from 2012 to 2022. It highlights the critical impact of the Aral Sea crisis, the challenges of water scarcity in agriculture, and the government's strategic responses, including the 'Green Space' initiative and commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 35% relative to 2010 levels by 2030.

• Uzbekistan has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP by 35% by 2030 compared to 2010 levels, with total emissions in 2017 recorded at 189.2 million tons.
• The energy sector is the primary source of atmospheric pollution, accounting for 76% of emissions, followed by agriculture at 18%.
• Air pollution is exacerbated by mobile sources, particularly in major cities; in Tashkent, mobile sources account for 88% of all mobile emissions.
• Uzbekistan faces severe water scarcity, ranking 25th out of 164 countries for high water stress. Agriculture is the dominant consumer, using approximately 90% of available water resources.
• Climate change has led to a significant reduction in glacier volume across various river basins between 1957 and 2010: 24.3% in the Pskem basin, 67.4% in the Qashqadaryo basin, and 40.1% in the Surxondaryo basin.
• Land degradation and desertification are driven by both natural factors and anthropogenic pressures, such as overgrazing, which has left 70% of pastures degraded.
• The 'Green Space' (Yashil Makon) national project aims to plant 200 million trees and shrubs annually until 2030 to increase urban green areas from 8% to 30% and forest cover from 7.5% to 15%.
• The Aral Sea has shrunk drastically, with its volume decreasing from 1,083 km³ in 1960 to 69.31 km³.
• The Aral Sea crisis has caused severe health issues for the local population, including high rates of anemia, kidney disease, and respiratory illnesses.
• Protected natural areas now cover 6.321 million hectares, or 14.08% of the country's total area.
• Waste management remains a challenge; while municipal waste collection coverage reached 86.06% by 2022, most waste is still disposed of in landfills rather than recycled.
• The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is high, with a 26.9% probability of premature death (before age 70) from four main groups: cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, or cancer.
• Average annual temperatures in Uzbekistan have risen by 1.6°C since 1880, increasing from 13.2°C to 14.8°C, a rate higher than the global average.
• The 'Turon Deserts of the Temperate Region' transboundary natural object was added to the UNESCO World Natural Heritage list in September 2023, covering areas in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan.

APA

Asilbekova, X., Yarullina, Z., Plotsen, M., Sherimbetov, X., Li, T., Talipov, J., Abdullayev, U., Mahmudov, B., Shakirov, N., Abduhaliqov, J., Kalimbetov, A., Tursunaliyev, A., Usmonova, S., & Mirshina, O. (2023). Atrof-muhit holati to‘g‘risida milliy ma’ruza O‘ZBEKISTON. International Institute for Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-03/uzbekistan-state-of-the-environment-uz.pdf

Chicago

Asilbekova, Xaniya, Zulfiya Yarullina, Marina Plotsen, Xalilulla Sherimbetov, Tatyana Li, Jahongir Talipov, Umarjon Abdullayev, et al. Atrof-muhit holati to‘g‘risida milliy ma’ruza O‘ZBEKISTON. International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2023. https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-03/uzbekistan-state-of-the-environment-uz.pdf.

Wikipedia

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BibTeX

@techreport{asilbekova2023atrofmuhit, author = {Asilbekova, Xaniya and Yarullina, Zulfiya and Plotsen, Marina and Sherimbetov, Xalilulla and Li, Tatyana and Talipov, Jahongir and Abdullayev, Umarjon and Mahmudov, Bobur and Shakirov, No‘monjon and Abduhaliqov, Javohir and Kalimbetov, Azizbek and Tursunaliyev, Anvar and Usmonova, Shahnoza and Mirshina, Olga}, title = {{Atrof-muhit holati to‘g‘risida milliy ma’ruza O‘ZBEKISTON}}, institution = {International Institute for Sustainable Development}, year = {2023}, month = dec, url = {https://www.iisd.org/system/files/2024-03/uzbekistan-state-of-the-environment-uz.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }