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The document argues that while Zambia has a growing tradition of civil society activism, these organisations have largely ignored the military, leaving a void in the oversight of defence policy and budgeting. It highlights the historical context of coup attempts in 1990 and 1997 as evidence of weak civil-military relations and calls for a shift away from military secrecy toward transparency. The author suggests that civil society, parliament, and the executive must collaborate to define a democratic security doctrine, specifically targeting defence budgeting and policy formulation to prevent military intervention and ensure accountability for public funds.

The document analyzes the crisis in Zimbabwe's civil-military relations, highlighting the transition from a professional military structure to one where the armed forces are deeply interwoven with the ruling ZANU (PF) party. It details how the government has increasingly used the 'military approach' to manage political opposition, address administrative failures in fuel and grain distribution, and influence electoral processes. The author argues that this trend is rooted in the historical rivalry between ZANU and ZAPU and the persistence of a revolutionary war mindset, which prioritizes regime survival over liberal democratic principles. The paper also notes the severe economic impact of high defense spending during a period of acute national poverty.

This policy brief by the Institute for Security Studies examines the intersection of climate change, gender inequality, and human mobility in Africa. It argues that gender-neutral climate policies deepen existing inequalities and that women, despite being key agents of adaptation, face disproportionate risks and barriers to resources, finance, and decision-making.

This report summarizes a seminar held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, which analyzed post-conflict reconstruction in the Republic of Congo (RoC) through the lens of the African Union Policy Framework on Post conflict Reconstruction and Development (PCRD). The seminar examined whether the RoC has transitioned away from its war economy and evaluated the tension between state stability and human security.

The Western Cape is currently caught in a middle-income trap, characterized by slow GDP per capita growth and significant inequality in access to basic services. The document evaluates three scenarios: an 'Inclusive Economy' focusing on basic services and education, a 'Vibrant Economy' focusing on high-level skills and business environment, and an 'Enterprising Cape' which combines both. The analysis finds that while isolated interventions provide some gains, a comprehensive approach is necessary to significantly raise GDP per capita, improve the Human Development Index (HDI), and accelerate the transition to high-income status by the mid-2030s.

This policy brief by the Institute for Security Studies analyzes voter participation and the outcomes of South Africa's May 2014 national and provincial elections. It highlights a steady decline in electoral participation since 1994, particularly among youth and rural populations, and examines the shifting political landscape as the African National Congress (ANC) faces reduced majorities in urban centers like Gauteng.

The preface introduces a collaborative research project between the African Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS) and the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) aimed at understanding the links between natural resources, land tenure, and conflict in Africa. It acknowledges the contributions of various researchers, peer reviewers, and informants, specifically noting fieldwork conducted in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, and Angola. The work was supported by the United States Agency for International Development’s Regional Economic Development and Services Office for Eastern and Southern Africa (REDSO/ESA) and incorporates findings from a December 2004 conference on Land Tenure and Conflict in Africa.

SA Army Seminar 21, held in November 2006, brought together international academics and military practitioners to conduct a 'reality check' on the SA Army Vision 2020. The seminar addressed internal, continental, and global security challenges, focusing on land operations within integrated and multinational contexts. The findings are being used to amend the SA Army Strategy 2020, specifically regarding personnel, training, doctrine, and technology.

The document introduces a collection of speeches and session papers from a seminar held during 'South African Week' in Brazzaville. The event, organized by the South African Embassy, IDASA, and the Institute for Security Studies, focused on the South African transitional process from apartheid to democracy to provide lessons for the Republic of Congo.

The document provides a structural breakdown of the I Defence and Security Committee (ISDSC), illustrating a hierarchy that descends from a Ministerial Committee to various technical sub-sub-committees. It specifies functional areas such as operations, intelligence, and logistics, and assigns leadership or oversight of specific sub-committees to different member states, including Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

The provided text is an illegible, mirrored, or corrupted OCR version of a 2003 quantitative survey by the Institute for Security Studies. Due to the state of the text, no comprehensive summary or specific findings can be extracted.

The report argues that conflict in the Kivus is rooted in long-term bad governance and disputes over land and ethnicity, rather than solely foreign intervention. It analyzes the fragmentation of the RCD-G and the structure of Mayi-Mayi militias, emphasizing that sustainable peace requires the unification of the army, the resolution of local land disputes, and improved diplomatic and economic cooperation between the DRC and Rwanda.

The document explains that HIV is a germ transmitted primarily through sexual contact that causes AIDS after a period of 6 to 10 years. It describes the progression from being HIV positive to developing AIDS, noting that there is no cure and the condition is fatal. Through character stories, it highlights the emotional toll of betrayal, the role of clinics for treating symptoms like diarrhoea and fever, and the value of support groups and family acceptance for those living with the virus.

This report summarizes a seminar held on October 17, 2008, at the United Nations Conference Center regarding the implications of the 2008 US Presidential Election for Africa. The event featured presentations by Dr. Steven Erkovich and Dr. Joseph Vincent Ebode, who analyzed US foreign policy motivations, the specific propositions of candidates Barack Obama and John McCain, and the strategic rationale behind Obama's candidacy.

The report argues that terrorism is often a symptom of a state's failure to provide security and legitimacy to its citizens. In Chad, the document suggests that the state's approach to security has historically been focused on regime survival rather than inclusive governance, which can create grievances that terrorist groups exploit. It emphasizes that effective prevention requires a transition from purely military responses to a comprehensive strategy involving the rule of law, social justice, and the inclusion of marginalized populations.

The report examines Morocco's national security framework, highlighting the central authority of the King and the strategic coordination between the Royal Armed Forces, the Gendarmerie, and intelligence agencies. It details the state's approach to counter-terrorism, regional stability, and the management of internal dissent, while noting the influence of the monarchy on security policy and the military's role in both national defense and regional diplomacy.

The report analyzes the ongoing conflict in Somalia, detailing the strategic struggle between the Federal Government of Somalia and Al-Shabaab. It examines the impact of AMISOM's military interventions, the persistence of Al-Shabaab's governance and taxation systems in rural areas, and the political tensions surrounding state-building and regional administration. The text highlights the difficulty of establishing a stable central government while facing a resilient insurgency and complex clan dynamics.

Lt General Fisch, Commander of the Botswana Defence Force, delivered opening remarks during a visit to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He stated that the delegation's purpose was to learn about the current situation in the country and expressed solidarity and support for the peace process, while asserting that solutions for the country's future must be developed by the Congolese people themselves.

The report examines the challenges of defence integration in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), arguing that the process is primarily a short-term political measure to end hostilities rather than a purely military reform. It highlights a history of governance deficits, where military professionalism was replaced by clientelism and ethnic representativity, leading to state collapse. The document advocates for a comprehensive approach to security sector reform (SSR) that integrates defence, public service, and business sector reforms to prevent the recurrence of a destructive 'war economy'. It also details a workshop conducted by the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) and Labor Optimus to encourage the DRC's engagement with the SADC Organ for Politics, Defence and Security Cooperation (OPDSC).

This report summarizes a conference titled 'Unpacking the Somali Conflict' held on 21 January 2009 in Pretoria, South Africa. The event brought together experts to discuss the complexities of the crisis in Somalia, the role of international and regional actors, and the challenges facing the Transitional Federal Government and peacekeeping missions like AMISOM.