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This fact sheet by the Climate Policy Initiative explores how a proposed California green bank could accelerate the decarbonization of the transportation sector, which accounts for approximately 40 percent of the state's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The document identifies specific financial and risk-bearing interventions across four subsectors: passenger vehicles, alternative fuel vehicle infrastructure, goods movement, and regional planning.

This case study analyzes the financing model and risk allocation of the Ouarzazate I Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plant in Morocco, a 160MW facility costing USD 1.3 billion. The project utilizes a public-private partnership (PPP) to mobilize capital and mitigate risks in a market where CSP is not yet commercially viable due to high technology costs and fossil-fuel subsidies.

The Climate Policy Initiative finds that while sufficient capital exists to meet Germany's renewable energy targets, achieving them cost-effectively requires a diverse investor base and specific policy refinements. Key risks to cost-effectiveness include auction delays, shortened revenue support periods, and a lack of system flexibility to handle negative electricity prices, which could increase bid prices for onshore wind and offshore projects.

This fact sheet describes P50 Risk Solutions, an insurance product developed by the India Innovation Lab for Green Finance to mitigate weather variability risks in the wind energy sector. The product guarantees a minimum revenue level to reduce volatility and lower the cost of capital, but analysis indicates it is not commercially viable on its own and fails to significantly attract new investment sources in the current Indian market.

This guide from the Climate Policy Initiative explains parametric insurance, a financial tool that provides rapid, fixed payouts based on predetermined triggers (such as wind speed or rainfall) rather than assessed losses. It details the instrument's role in maintaining fiscal liquidity and debt sustainability, the capacity requirements for governments to implement it, and the various commercial and concessional providers available globally.

This fact sheet, published by the Climate Policy Initiative, examines the productivity and profitability of different organizational models for smallholder oil palm farmers in Central Kalimantan. It compares individual partnerships, cooperatives, and company-managed plasma models, concluding that larger, integrated management structures yield higher harvests and profits.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and PUC-Rio analyzes the shift in Brazilian Amazon deforestation from large-scale to small-scale clearings between 2004 and 2012. It highlights how existing remote sensing monitoring systems fail to detect clearings of 25 hectares or less, leading landholders in states like Mato Grosso and Pará to adapt their practices to avoid detection. The document recommends tailoring conservation policies to regional differences and enhancing monitoring technology to target small-scale deforestation.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative describes the compliance process for rural landholders under Brazil's 2012 Forest Code. It details the steps for registering properties in the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR), the distinctions between large and small properties, and the special regime for areas deforested before July 22, 2008. The document highlights significant implementation barriers, including a lack of state-level legislation for the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA), legal uncertainties, and the technical and financial burdens placed on individual landowners.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative examines the significant gap between the required and actual adaptation finance in Asia. It identifies systemic barriers—including institutional capacity constraints, a reliance on loan-based funding, and a lack of local community integration—and proposes a 'whole-of-government' approach to scale and improve the quality of climate resilience investments.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) and Amazônia 2030 examines the economic risks posed by the deforestation of the Amazon rainforest, specifically focusing on the disruption of 'flying rivers' (rios voadores). These atmospheric currents transport moisture from the Atlantic Ocean across the continent, regulating rainfall essential for Brazil's energy, agriculture, urban water supply, and logistics. The document argues that protecting the forest is a strategic national imperative to avoid multi-billion real losses across key economic sectors.

This report by Climate Policy Initiative and Amazônia 2030 analyzes the role of state public policies in promoting forest restoration in the Brazilian Amazon. It examines the regulatory frameworks of seven states, identifying that while state policies significantly drive mandatory restoration through the Forest Code, there are substantial gaps in incentives for voluntary restoration, integration with carbon markets, and the promotion of native species silviculture.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-Rio describes the environmental regularization process for rural properties under Brazil's 2012 Forest Code. It details the steps for compliance, including the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA), while highlighting significant legal, financial, and administrative barriers that hinder implementation across different states.

This fact sheet describes risk pooling mechanisms that aggregate risks across countries or portfolios to diversify exposure and secure rapid liquidity after disasters. It details the application of these pools in disaster risk management, agriculture, and urban resilience, highlighting the role of parametric instruments and catastrophe bonds in protecting sovereign balance sheets.

The Reservoir Methane Capture Mechanism is a 'methane-as-a-service' financial structure designed to commercialize methane capture technologies at hydropower plants, specifically targeting the Brazilian market to reduce emissions and increase electricity production.

The Rooftop Solar Private Sector Financing Facility is a proposed financial instrument designed to accelerate the deployment of rooftop solar PV in India by bundling small projects into structured investments to attract institutional investors and reduce the cost of debt capital.

This guide explains the mechanics, applications, and implementation requirements of securitization as a tool for climate finance. It details how pooling fragmented green assets into tradable securities can mobilize institutional capital, recycle balance sheets for originators, and manage credit risk through tranching. The document provides a framework for assessing financial market readiness across shallow, emerging, and mature markets, and outlines the specific capacity needs for ministries of finance and regulators to support these instruments.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative and the Global Center on Adaptation analyzes international public climate adaptation finance for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) between 2021 and 2022. It identifies a significant funding gap, noting that current annual flows of approximately $2 billion are far below the estimated annual need of $11.7 billion. The report highlights that a large portion of this finance is provided as debt, posing macroeconomic risks, and calls for a shift from GNI-based ODA eligibility to a multidimensional vulnerability index to improve financial access.

This report by Climate Policy Initiative/PUC-RIO and Amazon 2030 analyzes the potential for carbon sequestration through forest restoration in the Brazilian Amazon. It proposes the Reversing Deforestation Mechanism (RDM), a jurisdictional results-based payment system, as a way to mobilize significant investment and align land use with climate goals. The report compares the RDM with other financial mechanisms like JREDD+ and the Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFFF), arguing that a complementary approach to conservation, avoided deforestation, and restoration is essential for Brazil to meet its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC).

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the palm oil supply chain in the Berau district of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. It examines the potential for increasing production through yield improvement rather than land expansion to support regional sustainability goals. The study identifies significant inefficiencies facing smallholders, including lack of land tenure and financing, while noting that large plantation companies operate more efficiently. It also highlights the absence of local refineries, which results in most crude palm oil (CPO) being exported from the region raw.

This fact sheet by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) evaluates the measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems used by China, Germany, Italy, and the United States to track greenhouse gas emissions and climate mitigation actions. The analysis assesses these systems against six criteria: transparency, comparability, reliability, usefulness, timeliness, and completeness.