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The report examines Mexico's progress toward the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework's '30x30' goal, focusing on the potential of OECMs to complement existing Protected Natural Areas (ANP). It identifies that while Mexico has a strong legal framework for social land ownership (ejidos and communities), inclusive conservation is hindered by state failure to enforce Indigenous rights, contradictory public policies, and budget cuts. The document details various conservation modalities, such as Wildlife Management Units (UMA) and Community Forest Management (MFC), and uses three case studies to highlight local motivations for conservation, primarily linked to water security and sustainable livelihoods. It concludes that for OECMs to be effective and inclusive, Mexico must establish transparent recognition processes, align agricultural subsidies with conservation incentives, and ensure the free, prior, and informed consent of local rights-holders.

The document examines Ejido Noh-Bec, a 24,122-hectare community-managed forest in Quintana Roo, Mexico. It highlights the ejido's transition from external concessions to self-management, its achievement of FSC certification, and its resilience following Hurricane Dean in 2007. The study details a governance model involving an Assembly and an inclusive Advisory Council, as well as a diversified economy based on sustainable timber, chicle extraction, and ecotourism. While the ejido maintains a 1,200-hectare conservation reserve called 'El Huasteco,' it faces challenges from climate-related extreme weather, illegal logging linked to the Tren Maya project, and bureaucratic hurdles regarding CITES and carbon credit schemes.

The report analyzes Mexico's waste sector methane emissions, highlighting a significant increase since 1990 and a lack of integrated data systems. It identifies critical gaps in organic waste treatment, landfill gas capture, and municipal financing, while providing recommendations to strengthen the regulatory framework and improve stakeholder capacity to meet national climate targets.

The document outlines a 36-month readiness program implemented by the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) to address financial barriers in Mexico's rural and northern border regions. Key objectives include the GCF accreditation of the North American Development Bank (NADB) and Trust Funds Related to Agriculture (FIRA), the creation of a green finance transparency system, and the development of a National Carbon Policy. It specifically targets water and sanitation infrastructure in northern states and sustainable landscape management via REDD+ results-based payments. Additionally, the proposal aims to empower subnational governments to issue thematic bonds and integrate environmental and social criteria into public-private partnerships (PPPs).

The report argues that insurance is an underutilized tool for urban climate resilience, providing not only financial recovery but also risk awareness and incentives for mitigation. It details various insurance mechanisms—micro, meso, and macro—and the roles municipal governments can play as consumers, stewards, and conveners. The document highlights a significant 'protection gap,' noting that 76% of natural catastrophe losses were uninsured in 2020. Key barriers to scaling include a lack of technical capacity in city governments, behavioral biases among urban dwellers, and the difficulty of incorporating long-term climate projections into short-term insurance products. It recommends increased investment in risk assessment, the development of integrated resilience plans with the insurance sector, and the use of concessional finance from development finance institutions to support vulnerable cities.

The report examines the potential for green bonds and other sustainable financial instruments to drive the decarbonization of Mexico's construction sector, highlighting existing certifications, market examples, and regulatory goals.

The document examines the potential for green bonds to drive the decarbonisation of Mexico's building sector. It highlights that while only 10.6% of green bond proceeds from Mexican issuers were allocated to low-carbon buildings as of September 2020, there are significant opportunities, including a USD 18bn potential in Mexico City's housing growth. The briefing details the use of international and local certification proxies, such as EcoCasa, to identify eligible assets under the Climate Bonds Standard and discusses alternative financial instruments like CKDs, CERPIS, and FIBRAS that could be labelled as green.

The document examines the role of climate finance in Mexico, highlighting the risks posed by the elimination of the Fondo para el Cambio Climático (FCC) and the heavy concentration of public funds in the energy sector via the Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE). It provides specific recommendations for the public sector to strengthen governance and technical capacity, and for the private sector to adopt green taxonomies and innovative financing mechanisms like impact investing and carbon bonds to meet Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

A joint declaration by indigenous communities in Mexico, released during COP 13 in Cancún, argues that the 'green economy' and biodiversity conventions serve as fronts for corporate interests and the dispossession of indigenous lands. The document condemns the criminalization of environmental defenders and the use of deceptive conservation rhetoric to justify extractive projects, including wind and hydroelectric power. It specifically criticizes the REDD+ mechanism and the Nagoya and Cartagena protocols for favoring multinationals over indigenous sovereignty and biocultural heritage.

The document is a statement by indigenous groups in Mexico, issued during COP 13 in Cancun, condemning the 'green economy' and extractivist projects—including wind parks, hydroelectric projects, and mining—as drivers of human rights violations and territorial plundering. The signatories argue that international frameworks like the Nagoya and Cartagena Protocols and the REDD+ program prioritize corporate profit over biodiversity and indigenous sovereignty, calling for the protection of biocultural heritage and food sovereignty against the commodification of nature.

The Yucatan Peninsula Accord, signed in December 2010 by the states of Campeche, Quintana Roo, and Yucatan, represents Mexico's first sub-national regional climate agreement. The Accord aims to reduce vulnerabilities of local and indigenous populations through a joint low-carbon development scheme consisting of a regional adaptation strategy, a REDD+ programme in the Sian Kaan-Calakmul forest corridor, and a regional climate fund dedicated to scientific research. The document highlights that pooling resources at the sub-national level helped the participating states attract international and national funding that they could not secure individually. Key challenges identified include a lack of climate legal expertise among civil servants and the need to balance regional cooperation with state autonomy.