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The paper develops a systematic method for stakeholder mapping in climate change adaptation, utilizing case studies from Stockholm and Gothenburg. It emphasizes that because the definition of a 'stakeholder' varies among practitioners and researchers, a careful mapping of the stakeholder landscape is necessary to improve decision-making and awareness. The study combined an initial mapping exercise with participatory research into local and regional perceptions of actor significance, concluding that such analysis is essential for creating sustainable, flexible, and effective adaptation processes that meet both scientific and practical requirements.

The report assesses four fleet scenarios for the Tallinn Bus Company (TAK) up to 2020: continuing with conventional diesel, or transitioning to bioethanol (ED95), biodiesel (B100), or diesel-electric hybrids. While alternative fuels significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and external costs, they are more expensive to operate than conventional diesel. The study finds that the most cost-effective way to reduce local air pollution (PM and NOx) is simply replacing old buses with new Euro V and VI diesel models, as the emission gap between new diesel and alternative technologies has narrowed. Biodiesel offers the highest CO2 reduction potential, while hybrids provide the best fuel economy. The report recommends a diversified technology approach to mitigate risks associated with fuel prices and supply.

The study examines climate change adaptation in Stockholm and Gothenburg, identifying stakeholders and factors that hinder the implementation of adaptation measures. It concludes that the most significant difficulties in adaptation are primarily linked to response capacity.

The report examines urine diversion as a sustainable sanitation alternative that separates urine from faeces to facilitate nutrient recycling in agriculture. It details various implementation contexts, from rural areas in West Africa and China to urban settings in Sweden, and provides technical guidelines for toilets, piping, and storage. The document argues that urine diversion can reduce environmental pollution and provide low-cost fertilizer, though it notes challenges regarding pharmaceutical residues and the need for institutional mainstreaming.

The document details IKEA's transition toward environmental sustainability by adopting The Natural Step's scientific framework. It highlights specific initiatives such as the 'Trash Is Cash' waste reduction program, the elimination of chlorine bleach in catalogs, and the implementation of strict formaldehyde emission standards globally. The case also explores how IKEA's core values of frugality and cost-consciousness align with resource efficiency, and how the company manages its global supplier network to maintain these standards while keeping prices low.

The document outlines a four-step process for issuing green bonds in China: identifying eligible green projects, arranging independent reviews, establishing tracking and reporting procedures, and executing the bond issuance. It emphasizes that green bonds are defined by the 'green designated use' of funds rather than the overall nature of the issuing company. The guide highlights the potential for 're-labeling' existing Chinese government debt—estimated at $164 billion used for green assets—as green bonds if verification procedures are implemented. It also provides international examples from the European Investment Bank, EDF, and the City of Gothenburg to illustrate best practices in certification and transparency.