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The report details the ecological and physical vulnerability of the Central Tian Shan in the Kyrgyz Republic. It finds a general trend of glacier retreat and shrinking lakes, which threatens the region's role as the 'water tower of Central Asia' and impacts hydropower security. Biodiversity is at risk, particularly the endangered snow leopard, due to habitat shifts and prey instability, although some species have expanded their range. Future scenarios project significant temperature increases and a long-term decrease in surface runoff by 2100. The document advocates for the expansion of protected areas and the implementation of climate-smart livelihoods, such as yak breeding and ecotourism, to build community and ecosystem resilience.

The AHM project implemented climate-smart strategies in Asia's high mountains to protect snow leopard habitats and improve community resilience. Key actions included conducting climate vulnerability assessments, developing watershed management plans, and diversifying local livelihoods through ecotourism and alternative income sources to reduce pressure on fragile ecosystems.

The WWF AHM Project provides technical, financial, and capacity-building support to the 12 snow leopard range countries to implement the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection (GSLEP) Program. This support includes the development of climate-smart landscape management plans, the provision of catalyst grants up to USD 5,000, and the implementation of conservation field activities in six member states. Key milestones include the 2013 Bishkek Declaration and the creation of model management plans for Eastern Nepal and Central Tian Shan.