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The document highlights that just 1% of Nigeria's superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 1,798 GW of energy capacity, far exceeding the country's projected 2050 electricity demand of 282,824 GWh. It argues that this technology could replace fossil fuel power generation, reduce carbon emissions by approximately 15 megatonnes, and leverage existing subsurface expertise from the oil and gas sector. Additionally, it notes the technology's low land-use footprint (12 km² per 1 GW) compared to other energy sources and its ability to provide continuous, non-intermittent power to the grid.

The document presents nuclear energy as a critical, low-carbon complement to renewables for meeting growing global electricity demand, specifically within Central and Eastern Europe. It highlights the region's existing nuclear infrastructure and the potential for new deployments to achieve EU climate-neutrality goals. The text addresses safety, waste management, and costs, noting that while upfront capital expenditures are high, nuclear power is among the safest and cleanest energy sources available.

The U.S. generates 30% of the world's nuclear power, with 94 commercial reactors providing 20% of domestic electricity and 48% of carbon-free electricity. To meet a projected need for 700–900 GW of additional clean firm energy capacity by 2050, the U.S. could triple its nuclear capacity from approximately 100 GW to 300 GW, provided it overcomes challenges in licensing, workforce, and supply chains. The document highlights nuclear energy's role in providing 24/7 baseload power, its application in industrial heat and coal-repowering, and the emergence of advanced technologies like Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and microreactors.

The document highlights superhot rock geothermal as a scalable, zero-emission energy source that could significantly exceed Oregon's current electricity needs. It emphasizes the technology's low land footprint and its ability to provide constant 'firm power' to the grid, supporting Oregon's goal of 100% clean energy by 2040.

The document highlights that just 1% of Pakistan's superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 150 GW of energy capacity, exceeding the country's projected 2050 electricity demand of 742,734 GWh. This resource could theoretically replace all coal and gas used for electricity production, reducing emissions by approximately 57 megatonnes of CO2eq and decreasing reliance on energy imports from Qatar and South Africa. Additionally, superhot rock geothermal is noted for its low land footprint, requiring roughly 12 km² per 1 GW, and its potential to create jobs in engineering and geology.

The document highlights that just 1% of Paraguay's estimated superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 49 GW of energy capacity, generating over 404,724 GWh of electricity. This amount is ten times the country's 2021 electricity consumption of 40,575 GWh. Superhot rock geothermal is presented as a land-efficient, firm power source that could complement Paraguay's hydropower and enable the production of zero-carbon fuels for industry and transport.

The document highlights that just 1% of Peru's estimated superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 525 GW of energy capacity, generating over 4,369,396 GWh of electricity. This amount is 77 times the country's 2021 electricity consumption and could theoretically replace all coal and gas used for electricity production, reducing emissions by approximately 11 megatonnes of CO2eq. The technology is described as a high-density energy source requiring only 12 km² of land per 1 GW, significantly less than solar, wind, or biomass.

The document highlights that just 1% of the Philippines's superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 216 GW of energy capacity, far exceeding the country's 2021 electricity consumption of 106,110 GWh. This resource could theoretically replace all coal and gas used for electricity production, reducing emissions by approximately 75 megatonnes of CO2eq, and significantly reducing the country's 90% dependence on coal imports, primarily from Indonesia. Additionally, superhot rock geothermal is noted for its high energy density, requiring only 12 km² of land per 1 GW, which is substantially lower than solar, wind, or biomass.

The document highlights that just 1% of Russia's superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 6,704 GW of energy capacity, far exceeding the country's projected 2050 electricity demand of 1,783,308 GWh. While unlikely to meet 2030 climate goals, this technology could theoretically replace all coal and gas in Russia's electricity production, reducing emissions by approximately 834 megatonnes of CO2eq. The report emphasizes the technology's low land footprint (12 km² per 1 GW) and its ability to leverage Russia's existing oil and gas subsurface expertise for a zero-carbon transition.

The document highlights that just 1% of Rwanda's estimated superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 41 GW of energy capacity, far exceeding the country's 2021 electricity consumption of 973 GWh. This resource could theoretically replace all fossil fuels used for electricity production, reducing emissions by approximately 0.3 megatonnes of CO2eq and decreasing dependence on coal imports from Tanzania. Additionally, superhot rock geothermal is presented as a highly land-efficient energy source requiring only 12 km² per 1 GW, compared to significantly higher requirements for solar, wind, and biomass.

The document highlights that just 1% of Saudi Arabia's superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 1,172 GW of energy capacity, far exceeding the country's projected 2050 electricity demand of 499,142 GWh. It argues that this technology could replace all fossil fuels used in the electricity sector, reducing emissions by approximately 250 megatonnes of CO2eq, while requiring significantly less land than solar, wind, or biomass. Additionally, it suggests the sector could leverage existing subsurface expertise from the oil and gas industry and support large-scale desalination.

The document outlines the potential for superhot rock geothermal energy in South Dakota, noting that just 1% of the state's estimated resource could provide 49 GW of capacity, which is 30 times the state's 2023 electricity consumption. It argues that superhot rock geothermal is a viable global energy source because it does not require natural underground water sources and provides carbon-free firm power with a significantly lower land footprint than solar, wind, or biomass.

The document highlights the immense potential of superhot rock geothermal energy in South Sudan, noting that just 1% of its estimated resource could provide 240 GW of capacity, far exceeding the country's 2021 electricity consumption of 581 GWh and its 2030 NDC goal of 2,729.5 MW of renewables. It argues that this technology offers a low land-use footprint, provides reliable 24/7 power, and could foster economic growth and job creation, although it is unlikely to reach commercial scale in time for 2030 targets.

The document provides a detailed inventory of US state-level legislative and executive actions to achieve carbon-free or renewable energy targets, alongside a timeline of voluntary net-zero and carbon reduction commitments from major utility providers.

The document highlights the significant superhot rock geothermal resources in Svalbard, noting that just 1% of this resource could provide 97 GW of energy capacity. It argues that this technology offers a land-efficient, firm power alternative to fossil fuels and other renewables, potentially aiding Longyearbyen's goal of reaching zero emissions.

The document highlights that just 1% of Switzerland's estimated superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 20 GW of energy capacity, generating over 167,836 GWh of electricity. This amount is more than three times the country's 2021 electricity consumption of 66,039 GWh. Utilizing this resource could theoretically replace all coal and gas used for electricity production, reducing carbon emissions by approximately 3 megatonnes, which represents 10% of Switzerland's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) goal. Additionally, the technology could eliminate the need for all natural gas and electricity imports, improving energy independence. Superhot rock geothermal is noted for its high energy density, requiring roughly 12 km² of land per 1 GW, significantly less than solar (180 km²), natural gas (160 km²), offshore wind (520 km²), or biomass (14,000 km²).

The document highlights that just 1% of Tanzania's estimated superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 31 GW of capacity, far exceeding the country's 2021 electricity consumption of 8,665 GWh. While unlikely to meet 2030 climate goals, the technology could replace all coal and gas in electricity production, reducing emissions by approximately 3 megatonnes of CO2eq. The report emphasizes the technology's low land footprint (12 km² per 1 GW) and its potential to address energy poverty for the 80-90% of Tanzanians lacking electricity access.

The document argues that superhot rock geothermal could be a gamechanger for Texas's energy grid, noting that just 1% of the state's resource could meet 50% of its 2023 electricity consumption. It emphasizes the technology's low land footprint and its ability to leverage existing oil and gas subsurface expertise.

The document highlights that just 1% of Thailand's estimated superhot rock geothermal resource could provide 294 GW of energy capacity, potentially replacing all coal and gas used for electricity production and reducing emissions by approximately 82 megatonnes of CO2eq. It argues that this technology offers a low land-use footprint and a reliable 24/7 power source that could significantly reduce Thailand's dependence on energy imports from Myanmar, Qatar, and Indonesia.

The EU steel sector, which contributes 5% of the region's annual CO2 emissions, faces significant technical and economic hurdles in its transition to net zero. While hydrogen-based DRI is a prominent pathway, its scalability is limited by the massive requirements for renewable electricity and low-carbon hydrogen. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is presented as a complementary, potentially lower-cost near-term solution for both blast furnace and DRI plants. The report concludes that a portfolio of technologies is necessary to mitigate risks and ensure the industry's survival, supported by carbon pricing, border adjustments, and demand-side policies.