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This research paper examines the potential for triangular cooperation between the European Union (EU), Indonesia, and African nations in the critical raw materials (CRM) sector. It argues that while the EU and Indonesia currently employ different partnership models in Africa—the EU focusing on supply chain integration and ESG standards, and Indonesia focusing on downstream industrialisation and South-South cooperation—these differences are complementary. The authors propose a framework where EU financial instruments and ESG expertise combine with Indonesia's technical experience in mineral processing to support African goals of local value addition and industrialisation, thereby reducing all parties' dependence on China.

This research paper outlines the short- to medium-term trade-offs and costs associated with pursuing an industrialisation and manufacturing pathway in Africa, emphasizing that while upfront fiscal, social, and environmental costs exist, the cost of inaction—marked by unemployment and external dependence—is higher.

This report examines Ghana's efforts to integrate nuclear energy into its power mix to support economic development and industrialisation. It details the country's history of energy crises, the transition from power shortages to excess supply, and the long-term strategic goal of achieving universal electricity access and a highly industrialised economy within four decades.

This policy brief by the African Climate Foundation examines how African nations can leverage renewable energy transitions and regional electricity market integration to drive industrialisation. It highlights the potential of the African Single Electricity Market (AfSEM) and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) to overcome national energy deficits and create a sustainable development pathway through 'green industrialisation'.

This case study examines the implementation of a hybrid solar photovoltaic (PV) system with Lithium-ion (Li-ion) storage at UV Tooling CC, a parts manufacturer in Cape Town, to mitigate the impact of systemic loadshedding on industrial production.