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This research paper examines the distributive welfare impacts of energy price increases resulting from a Kyoto Protocol scenario—specifically a 6% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from 1990 levels. Using a welfare model based on consumer surplus and data from the Canadian residential sector, the authors simulate how different income groups are affected and propose compensation mechanisms to ensure equity.

This guide provides a framework for companies and investment funds to make financial commitments to the 'Private Sector Pledge for Zero Hunger'. It outlines how businesses can align their investments with scientific evidence to help eradicate hunger by 2030, detailing the types of eligible investments, priority regions, and the governance structure for implementing these non-binding pledges.

This fact sheet, based on a report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development, outlines the potential climate and financial impacts of fossil fuel subsidy reform (FFSR) and fossil energy taxation across 32 countries by 2030.

This executive summary describes a study conducted by PT. Q Energy South East Asia and PT. Cakramustika Swadaya for the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) to identify and measure subsidies provided to oil and gas producers in Indonesia's upstream sector. The study aligns with Indonesia's commitment at the September 2009 G-20 summit to rationalize and eliminate inefficient fossil fuel subsidies.

This August 2012 factsheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) summarizes research on India's fuel subsidies for high-speed diesel, domestic liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and public distribution system (PDS) kerosene. It details the fiscal burden of these subsidies, the market distortions they create, and provides a roadmap for reform through price deregulation and targeted cash transfers.

This briefing note by the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines the impact of fossil-fuel subsidy reforms on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. It argues that while SMEs are generally less energy-intensive than large enterprises, they are more vulnerable to price shocks due to lower coping capacities and a heavy reliance on low-income consumers who are most affected by fuel-driven inflation.

The Fossil-Fuel Subsidy Reform Communiqué advocates for the accelerated elimination of fossil-fuel subsidies to meet global climate targets, citing economic, environmental, and social benefits while emphasizing the need for transparency and protections for vulnerable populations.

This report analyzes the 'true cost' of electricity generation in Indonesia, finding that coal is significantly more expensive than renewable energy when subsidies and externalities (air pollution and CO2 emissions) are included. While coal subsidies were estimated at USD 644.8 million in 2015 (likely an underestimate), renewable subsidies totaled USD 132.8 million. Despite a projected slight decline in coal's share of the primary energy mix by 2050, total consumption growth implies a large expansion in coal production, including a near-term plan for 20 GW of new coal capacity.

This executive summary examines the potential impacts of proposed World Trade Organization (WTO) fisheries subsidy rules on the Southern Longline (SLL) tuna fishery in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. The study focuses on South Pacific albacore and analyzes six primary fleets to determine how prohibitions on subsidies for illegal fishing, overfished stocks, and overcapacity would affect vessel profitability and regional management.

This fact sheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates Argentina's government support for fossil fuels, ranking it second among G20 non-OECD member countries. While the country shows relatively good transparency and low support for fossil fuel use, it provides substantial funding for oil and gas production, primarily through state-owned enterprise (SOE) investments.

This fact sheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates Australia's government support for fossil fuels, noting a 30% increase in support relative to the 2014–2016 average and highlighting significant tax exemptions for producers and users.

This fact sheet by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates South Africa's government support for fossil fuels, ranking it as the second-worst performer among G20 non-OECD member countries due to poor transparency and continued backing of coal-based power.

This report examines the impact of the OECD's Pillar Two global minimum tax proposal on the mining sector, specifically focusing on 'timing differences' between accounting profits and taxable income. It argues that without proper resolution of these differences, resource-rich developing countries could lose significant tax revenue and investment to developed nations where parent companies are headquartered.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) outlines the global and regional normative and financial responses to the increase in foreign investment in agricultural land and water, often termed 'land grabbing', following the 2008 food crisis. It evaluates various guidelines, principles, and funding mechanisms designed to ensure that agricultural investments are transparent, respect land rights, and contribute to rural development and food security.

This report, produced by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in partnership with the Ministry of Commerce of China (MOFCOM), analyzes the sustainability of China's fish and fish products market supply chains. Using a Global Commodity Chain Sustainability Analysis (GCCSA) framework, the study examines three specific case studies: tilapia aquaculture, cod reprocessing, and the live reef food fish trade (LRFFT). The report evaluates these chains across ecological, economic, and social dimensions, highlighting China's pivotal role as a global producer, processor, and consumer. It identifies critical challenges including illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, traceability gaps, and environmental degradation, while recommending the adoption of national traceability systems, sustainability certifications, and strategic policy integration with China's Five-Year Plans to ensure long-term sector viability.

This report outlines the history and evolution of the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF), from its origins as a UN Type II partnership in 2002 to its current status as a member-led forum of over 80 countries focused on sustainable mining governance.

This executive summary describes a guidance document developed by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) to help governments improve legal frameworks for Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) and associated management plans in the large-scale mining sector.

This meeting report details a training workshop on gender in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) held in Abuja, Nigeria, from April 22 to 26, 2024. Organized by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development (IGF) at the request of the Nigeria Ministry of Solid Mineral Development (MSMD), the workshop aimed to impart basic gender concepts in ASM and support the Ministry's Gender and Child Labour Division.

This briefing note outlines a three-stage guidance process developed by RCS Global and the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining (IGF) to help governments in developing countries manage the artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector. The framework aims to improve miners' quality of life and the sector's contribution to sustainable development while mitigating environmental harm.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) submitted a consultation response regarding the 2022 Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement (API) between Switzerland and Indonesia. While IISD acknowledges innovations in the treaty—such as stricter investor definitions to prevent 'treaty shopping' and the exclusion of speculative profits from expropriation compensation—it argues that several provisions remain problematic. Key concerns include a climate-neutral definition of investment, the persistence of unpredictable 'legitimate expectations' in the Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET) standard, and the lack of a requirement to exhaust local remedies before pursuing international arbitration. IISD recommends that Switzerland adopt more sustainable investment definitions and strengthen the right to regulate in the public interest in future treaties.