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This report provides a snapshot of climate risks and adaptation efforts in Botswana, highlighting the country's vulnerability due to water scarcity and the lack of national priority given to climate change policy.

This report provides an overview of climate risks, vulnerable sectors, and adaptation initiatives in Nepal at national, sub-national, and local levels, highlighting the country's leadership in country-driven adaptation planning.

The paper introduces a framework and a composite index, the Transnational Climate Impacts Index, to quantify how countries are exposed to climate change impacts occurring in other locations, emphasizing the interconnections of a globalized economy.

This research paper examines the financial implications of climate change for investors, analyzing the current state of ESG data, tools, and financial products used to manage climate exposure. It highlights systemic gaps in data standardization and the limitations of existing green financial instruments, while proposing pathways for improving disclosure and mainstreaming ESG integration to better align capital with low-carbon pathways.

The report argues that credit rating agencies may be artificially inflating the value of companies contributing to global warming by failing to account for climate risks, potentially repeating the systemic underestimation of risk seen during the credit crisis.

Carroll Muffett, President of the Center for International Environmental Law, responds to the release of the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Report, emphasizing that the report confirms human influence on the climate system and warns of the legal and financial risks for decision-makers who continue a 'business as usual' approach to fossil fuel extraction.

This briefing from the World Resources Institute explores the role of development agencies in supporting national-level decision-making processes for climate change adaptation in vulnerable countries. It argues that the design of these decision-making processes is a key determinant of a country's ability to manage climate risks and achieve global anti-poverty objectives.

This briefing from the World Resources Institute introduces a series of expert papers focused on innovative methods for collecting and distributing climate adaptation information. It emphasizes that the mere existence of data is insufficient; information must be analyzed and disseminated in formats that are accessible and relevant to both government decision-makers and affected local communities to effectively integrate climate risks into policies.

This briefing from the World Resources Institute outlines the types of information required for climate change adaptation decision-making. It categorizes climate risks into three types—responsive, proactive, and robust—and uses specific regional examples to solicit expert input on the data and stakeholder involvement necessary for effective adaptation interventions.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative outlines sustainable finance policies required to achieve the 1.5°C climate goal. It argues that a rapid transition is more economically beneficial than a slow one, as renewable energy costs are now lower than fossil fuels. The document proposes a policy framework based on three pillars: speed (accelerating action), guidance (steering the economy away from carbon-intensive investments), and simplification (streamlining sustainable investment processes).

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative and the Global Center on Adaptation analyzes the widening gap between adaptation finance needs and actual flows, with a specific focus on Africa. It highlights that current funding is insufficient, heavily reliant on debt, and concentrated in a few countries, while calling for standardized tracking and more ambitious public and private commitments to avoid massive economic losses.

This fact sheet describes P50 Risk Solutions, an insurance product developed by the India Innovation Lab for Green Finance to mitigate weather variability risks in the wind energy sector. The product guarantees a minimum revenue level to reduce volatility and lower the cost of capital, but analysis indicates it is not commercially viable on its own and fails to significantly attract new investment sources in the current Indian market.

This white paper by the Climate Policy Initiative examines the exposure of the Indian financial sector to climate-related risks and outlines a pathway for integration and product innovation. It highlights the vulnerability of India's economy to climate change, the current gaps in risk management and data within the banking, insurance, and capital markets, and provides a framework for implementing climate stress tests and disclosures aligned with international standards like the TCFD.

This report describes the methodologies used to assess climate risk and vulnerability in the tropical Andes, combining dendrochronology, hydrometeorological networks, in-situ sensors, and global circulation models to create climate change scenarios for conservation planning.

This fact sheet presents a Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) assessment of the N’Diaye wind farm in Senegal. The analysis compares the wind project's costs, risks, and externalities against coal-fired and heavy fuel oil (HFO)-fired electricity generation to determine their relative societal value and financial performance under different climate and risk scenarios.

A SAVi analysis comparing a 9.5 GW offshore wind farm in the North Sea to a 9.5 GW coal plant finds that while coal appears more profitable under business-as-usual conditions, offshore wind is significantly more attractive when accounting for externalities and climate risks. Under a scenario including a 1.5°C temperature increase and a carbon tax of EUR 16.27/MWh, the coal plant's internal rate of return (IRR) drops to 0%, while the wind farm maintains an IRR of 16.61% and a lower levelized cost of electricity (EUR 65.22/MWh vs EUR 185.92/MWh for coal).

This report chapter argues that while market economies are powerful tools for resource allocation, they are frequently dysfunctional due to theoretical misconceptions, capital misallocation, and organizational or regulatory failures. It proposes 'natural capitalism' as a framework to extend market principles to all forms of material value, including natural capital, by identifying and turning market imperfections into business opportunities for resource efficiency.

This fact sheet describes the Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation and Communication (PMEC) system, a custom web-based tool developed by the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) in 2010 to measure the quality and impact of its work at the intersection of science, policy, and practice.

The document 'Questions and Answers for Investors on Climate Risk' by the World Resources Institute serves as a guide for global investors to understand and respond to financial risks and investment opportunities resulting from climate change.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute analyzes COVID-19 recovery packages from G20 countries to assess their alignment with the Paris Agreement. The authors developed a typology of policies and interventions to guide decision-makers toward a greener recovery, finding that most initial stimulus actions favored business-as-usual (BAU) investments over climate-resilient pathways.