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This briefing informs the Minister of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment regarding four appeals against an Integrated Environmental Authorisation (IEA) granted on 7 June 2019 to Mineral Sands Resources (Pty) Ltd for heavy mineral mining in the Western Cape Province. The briefing recommends dismissing three of the appeals and upholding one (excluding grounds regarding map accuracy), which would result in a variation of the original IEA.

This memorandum from World Bank President James D. Wolfensohn, dated September 28, 2001, proposes the adoption of Operational Policy and Bank Procedure (OP/BP) 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement. The document outlines the conversion of the previous Operational Directive (OD 4.30) into the new format, detailing revisions aimed at removing ambiguities and incorporating implementation lessons. It describes the consultation process with internal and external stakeholders, the specific policy changes regarding displaced persons and indigenous peoples, and the reasons why certain external recommendations—such as a mandatory 'prior, informed consent' for indigenous peoples—were not adopted.

This research paper by Bill Dixon and Janine Rauch examines the introduction of sector policing in South Africa, framing it as a "practical manifestation" of community policing. The authors analyze the South African Police Service's (SAPS) 2003 National Instruction on Sector Policing and draw comparative lessons from the failure of a similar model implemented in London during the 1990s.

This briefing by the Institute for Security Studies analyzes the Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA) signed on 5 May 2006. It argues that the conflict in Darfur is not merely a result of tribalism or ecological degradation, but is rooted in the broader struggle for power in Khartoum and a history of national marginalization. The document details the failures of the DPA to achieve broad legitimacy among rebel factions, the challenges facing the African Union Mission (AMIS), and the intricate links between the Darfur crisis and the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) between North and South Sudan.

This report summarizes a 2004 workshop in Accra, Ghana, focused on identifying lessons from Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) experiences in Africa. It analyzes the evolution of UN-led DDR programmes, highlighting the shift from vague mandates to specific, targeted interventions. The document emphasizes that while disarmament and demobilization are often measured quantitatively, the qualitative aspect of reintegration remains the most challenging phase. It argues for a holistic approach that links DDR with national recovery, security sector reform, and human rights, while warning against the tendency of DDR to be exploited as a money-making venture by combatants and commanders.

This research paper provides a historical analysis of civil-military relations in Malawi, tracing the evolution of the state's security apparatus from the pre-colonial Maravi Kingdom through British colonial rule and the one-party state under Hastings Kamuzu Banda to the current multi-party system. It examines the role of the Malawi Army and the Malawi Young Pioneers (MYP) as instruments of both state security and political control, highlighting the transition toward professional civilian oversight and international peacekeeping roles after 1994.

This research paper by Len le Roux argues that South African defence policy, specifically the 1998 Defence Review, is outdated and misaligned with current strategic realities. The author contends that the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) is designed for conventional homeland defence against external aggression, while its actual operational demands have shifted toward expeditionary peace support operations in Africa and internal security support for the police.

This research paper by Dr. S Narayan analyzes the evolution of India's trade reforms from independence in 1947 through 2007. It details the transition from a socialist, import-substitution model characterized by tight state controls to a liberalized, pro-market economy triggered by the 1991 balance of payments crisis. The document examines specific reforms in tariffs, export controls, exchange rates, and the services sector, while evaluating the resulting impact on GDP growth, total factor productivity, and the direction of international trade.

This research paper by Yarik Turianskyi of the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) analyzes the Country Review Reports (CRRs) of the first six states to undergo the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM): Ghana, Rwanda, Kenya, Algeria, South Africa, and Benin. The author identifies a systemic gap between constitutional intentions and practical governance, arguing that a lack of 'constitutionalism' leads to executive dominance and the erosion of checks and balances.