BURUNDI DEVELOPMENT FUTURES: GEOGRAPHIC FUTURES

This conclusion section of the 'Burundi Development Futures: Geographic Futures' report evaluates Burundi's development trajectory, noting that while progress has been made since the 2000 Arusha Peace Agreement, the country remains hindered by political fragility, poor infrastructure, and low agricultural productivity. The report argues that Burundi is unlikely to meet many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030 on its current path and recommends a coordinated policy push across governance, agriculture, human capital, infrastructure, and economic diversification to achieve shared prosperity.

• Burundi has seen improvements in peace, security, macroeconomic stability, and basic health and education since the 2000 Arusha Peace Agreement, but it remains at a critical development stage.
• On its current trajectory, Burundi is forecast to improve its human and economic development outcomes, but the pace is insufficient to keep up with peers or meet many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030.
• Development in Burundi is stunted by several systemic issues, including weak governance, poor infrastructure, political fragility, limited economic diversification, and low agricultural productivity.
• Agriculture is central to the livelihoods of most of the population but is hampered by low productivity and vulnerability to climate change; consequently, the report recommends modernizing the sector through irrigation, mechanization, and sustainable practices.
• To bolster economic resilience and reduce a substantial dependency on aid for the national budget, Burundi must diversify into manufacturing, improve the regulatory environment, and leverage the AfCFTA for regional integration.

APA

Yeboua, K., & Jobarteh, M. (2026). BURUNDI DEVELOPMENT FUTURES: GEOGRAPHIC FUTURES. Institute for Security Studies. https://futures.issafrica.org/geographic/guide.pdf?geography=BI&topic=05-conclusion

Chicago

Yeboua, Kouassi, and Mustapha Jobarteh. BURUNDI DEVELOPMENT FUTURES: GEOGRAPHIC FUTURES. Institute for Security Studies, 2026. https://futures.issafrica.org/geographic/guide.pdf?geography=BI&topic=05-conclusion.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Yeboua |first1=Kouassi |last2=Jobarteh |first2=Mustapha |title=BURUNDI DEVELOPMENT FUTURES: GEOGRAPHIC FUTURES |publisher=Institute for Security Studies |date=28 May 2026 |url=https://futures.issafrica.org/geographic/guide.pdf?geography=BI&topic=05-conclusion |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{yeboua2026burundi, author = {Yeboua, Kouassi and Jobarteh, Mustapha}, title = {{BURUNDI DEVELOPMENT FUTURES: GEOGRAPHIC FUTURES}}, institution = {Institute for Security Studies}, year = {2026}, month = may, url = {https://futures.issafrica.org/geographic/guide.pdf?geography=BI&topic=05-conclusion}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }