Priority CCD actions for Pakistan

This briefing by the International Institute of Sustainable Development (IISD) and the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) outlines priority actions for Pakistan to enhance its readiness for climate change adaptation and mitigation. It details the country's vulnerability despite low emissions, evaluates international UNFCCC mechanisms for funding and planning, and suggests aligning climate actions with national development goals to secure high-level political and private sector support.

• Pakistan is highly vulnerable to climate change despite contributing only 0.8% of global greenhouse gas emissions and ranking 135th in per capita emissions. Over a 20-year period, 141 extreme events caused an average of over 500 deaths annually and economic losses exceeding US$ 2 billion per year, threatening national security through impacts on energy, water, and food security.
• For adaptation, Pakistan is focusing on the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and Loss and Damage negotiations, as it is excluded from the National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) because it is not a least developed country (LDC). Key priorities for adaptation include aligning planning with national development plans to gain support from the Planning Commission, building provincial implementation capacities, and conducting ecosystem-specific vulnerability assessments.
• Pakistan's greenhouse gas emissions are primarily driven by the energy sector (51%) and agriculture and livestock (39%), with growth expected in transport and energy. To improve mitigation readiness, the document suggests updating the GHG inventory, establishing sector emission baselines, preparing a NAMA (Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action) Framework, and utilizing the Technology Mechanism established by the 2010 Cancun Agreements.
• To secure funding and political buy-in, the document recommends packaging NAMAs as part of development plans for poverty reduction and economic growth, and presenting climate impacts in monetary terms. While the private sector is already promoting solar power, further awareness is needed to drive investment in both adaptation and mitigation based on profit-making opportunities.

APA

Murphy, D., Parry, J.-E., & Keller, M. (n.d.). Priority CCD actions for Pakistan. Climate and Development Knowledge Network. https://cdkn.org/story/climate-change-adaptation-and-mitigation-options-for-pakistan

Chicago

Murphy, Deborah, Jo-Ellen Parry, and Marius Keller. Priority CCD actions for Pakistan. Climate and Development Knowledge Network, n.d. https://cdkn.org/story/climate-change-adaptation-and-mitigation-options-for-pakistan.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Murphy |first1=Deborah |last2=Parry |first2=Jo-Ellen |last3=Keller |first3=Marius |title=Priority CCD actions for Pakistan |publisher=Climate and Development Knowledge Network |url=https://cdkn.org/story/climate-change-adaptation-and-mitigation-options-for-pakistan |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{murphyndpriority, author = {Murphy, Deborah and Parry, Jo-Ellen and Keller, Marius}, title = {{Priority CCD actions for Pakistan}}, institution = {Climate and Development Knowledge Network}, url = {https://cdkn.org/story/climate-change-adaptation-and-mitigation-options-for-pakistan}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }