Search Climate Insights Directory

This guide by the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) outlines two methodologies for establishing building proxies for Non-Residential and Residential Buildings to achieve Climate Bonds Certification: benchmarking against local market emissions performance and analyzing the proportion of total ratings or labels awarded.

This verification report, produced by oekom research, confirms that SNCF Réseau's Green Bond Programme aligns with the Climate Bond Standard Version 2.0 and the Low Carbon Land Transport eligibility criteria for pre-issuance certification.

The Climate Bonds Standard & Certification Scheme Assurance Framework, published by the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI), establishes the principles, governance, and operational requirements for the independent assurance of Certified Climate Bonds. It defines the role of Approved Verifiers, the two-phase certification process (pre-issuance and post-issuance), and the oversight mechanisms managed by the Climate Bonds Standard Secretariat and the Climate Bonds Standard Board to ensure consistency and rigour in the labelling of low carbon and climate resilient investments.

This fact sheet describes the China Climate Bonds Index, a fixed-income investment index designed to identify bonds supporting low-carbon and climate-resilient infrastructure in China. Developed by the China Central Government Bond Depository Center, CECEP Consulting, and the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI), the index includes both labeled green bonds and ordinary corporate bonds used for green projects.

This report, published in September 2016 by the Climate Bonds Initiative and the International Institute for Sustainable Development, outlines a strategic cooperation plan between China and the United Kingdom to accelerate the global green bond market. It identifies the UK as a global hub for green finance and China as a leading policy driver, proposing joint actions to standardize green definitions, expand cross-border investment, and develop project pipelines for low-carbon infrastructure.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative and the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) outlines a framework for collaboration between the United Kingdom and China to expand the global green bond market. It identifies the UK as a global hub for green finance and China as a leader in policy support, proposing joint actions to scale cross-border issuance, harmonise green definitions, and develop robust project pipelines to meet the massive investment needs of the low-carbon transition.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative examines the potential for a green bond market in Mexico to support its transition to a low-carbon economy. While the existing climate-aligned bond market is small, the document identifies significant investment needs across energy, transport, buildings, and water sectors, and suggests that Mexico's stable macroeconomic environment and growing institutional investor interest provide a strong foundation for future green issuance.

The 'GREEN FINANCE: GREEN BOND DIRECTIONS COP22 Highlights' report by the Climate Bonds Initiative details the rapid growth of the green bond market in 2016, emphasizing its role in funding climate mitigation and adaptation to meet Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It highlights the shift toward private sector issuance, the emergence of China as a dominant market, and the necessity of reaching USD 1 trillion in annual issuance by 2020 to substantively address climate change.

This statement from the Climate Bonds Initiative responds to a European Union consultation on the Capital Markets Union, arguing that the EU must take active steps beyond supporting market guidelines to scale the green bond market. The document outlines how existing EU tools and priority areas—such as SME financing, securitisation, and the European Fund for Strategic Investments—can be leveraged to close significant low-carbon investment gaps in the EU and globally.

The Climate Bonds Initiative reports that the global green bond market in Q1 2015 saw 44 issuances totaling $7.2 billion. While the quarter started slowly, the market showed signs of maturation through diversification in currencies and credit ratings, alongside significant growth in emerging markets and US municipal bonds.

The 2015 Green Bond Market Roundup by the Climate Bonds Initiative reports that $41.8 billion in labelled green bonds were issued in 2015. The document highlights growth in market supply driven by policy support, the entry of more corporate and municipal issuers, and expanding investor demand from institutional entities. It also notes an evolution in standards, such as the launch of Climate Bond Standard V2, and an increasing emphasis on reporting and third-party assurance to validate green credentials.

The 2015 Green Bond Market Update reports a diversifying market with significant growth in emerging markets like India and China. In 2015, corporate issuers grew to 36% of the market, and November 2015 marked a record $7.4 billion in issuance. The majority of funds are allocated to renewable energy (45.8%) and energy efficiency (19.6%).

This report analyzes the state of the global securitization markets as of May 2012, examining whether recent activity in residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) and trade finance signals a recovery that could eventually benefit climate finance. ItS It discusses how bank recapitalization pressures have reduced renewable energy lending, which relies on banks for 95% of project finance globally, making the development of securitized clean energy assets vital for recycling capital. The report evaluates market trends in Europe and the United States, the impact of regulatory frameworks like Basel III and Solvency II, and the role of standardization initiatives like the Climate Bond Standard and the Prime Collateralised Securities Initiative (PCSI).

This briefing outlines an 8-point plan to mobilize the $75 trillion held by institutional investors toward the low-carbon transition via the bond market. It argues that while climate-resilient infrastructure provides the long-term, secure assets pension funds and insurers seek, current deal flow is too small and fragmented. The plan proposes aggregating small projects into investment-grade offerings, utilizing public sector risk-sharing and regulatory leverage, greening development banks, and implementing standardized climate bond certifications to bridge the annual investment gap of $1 trillion to $1.3 trillion.

This technical guidance note by the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) compares the Climate Bonds Buildings Standard with the EU Taxonomy's criteria for climate mitigation and 'Do No Significant Harm' (DNSH) across the acquisition, construction, and renovation of residential and commercial buildings.

This fact sheet details a TWD 3 billion (USD 101 million) green bond issued by Far Eastern New Century on January 8, 2018, to fund projects in waste recycling, energy efficiency, water conservation, and green building in Taiwan.

This fact sheet from the Climate Bonds Initiative details the issuance of the world's first blue sovereign bond by the Republic of Seychelles, designed to fund sustainable fisheries and marine projects.

This Green Bond Fact Sheet details a EUR 1 billion covered bond issued by Société Générale SFH on July 18, 2019, to finance and refinance energy-efficient residential mortgages in France.

This fact sheet from the Climate Bonds Initiative details a USD 150 million green bond issued by Banco Pichincha SA on December 20, 2019, marking the first green bond from Ecuador.

This guide by the Climate Bonds Initiative provides a regulatory and operational framework for foreign entities wishing to issue Green Panda Bonds—RMB-denominated bonds issued in mainland China with proceeds dedicated to green assets or projects.