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A report by Ember analyzing the current state and outlook of Indonesia's coal sector, noting a shift from record production levels toward a projected decline in 2025 driven by weakening export demand from major partners like China and India.

The Taxonomy Roadmap Initiative Progress Report (November 2025) details the global expansion of sustainable finance taxonomies, noting that over 60 are currently in use or development. While high-level interoperability is increasing—with 64% using ISIC-based sector structures and 100% of published taxonomies covering climate mitigation—granular alignment remains difficult. The report highlights that implementation is still in early stages in emerging markets and announces the launch of new tools at COP30, including the Sustainable Finance Taxonomy Mapper and Principles for Taxonomy Interoperability, to catalyze cross-border capital flows.

The 'Principles for Taxonomy Interoperability' report, published by the Climate Bonds Initiative in November 2025, provides a framework for sustainable finance taxonomy developers and policymakers to ensure that national and regional taxonomies are comparable and interoperable. Launched under the Taxonomy Roadmap Initiative at COP29, the document outlines seven high-level principles designed to reduce barriers to cross-border capital flows by establishing common design features, terminology, and implementation strategies while respecting jurisdictional priorities.

The 'Princípios de Interoperabilidade Taxonômica' report, published by the Climate Bonds Initiative in November 2025, provides a high-level framework to help sustainable finance taxonomy developers and policymakers increase the comparability and cross-border flow of capital. It introduces seven principles designed to align national and regional taxonomies through common languages, scientific baselines, and collaborative international efforts, supporting the broader 'Taxonomy Roadmap Initiative' launched at COP29.

The "Sổ tay hướng dẫn tài chính chuyển đổi cho các lĩnh vực khó giảm phát thải khí nhà kính tại Việt Nam" is a strategic guide published by the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) in April 2025. It provides a comprehensive framework for businesses, investors, and policymakers in Vietnam to implement credible, science-based transition plans for high-emission sectors, specifically steel, cement, and basic chemicals. The guide details a five-step 'hallmark' process for transition planning, establishes sector-specific decarbonization criteria aligned with the Paris Agreement, and offers a classification system for financial institutions to assess the maturity and ambition of corporate transition efforts.

The report 'Clean Air, Healthy Lives' outlines a strategic framework for health ministries to address the global air pollution crisis, which causes 7 million premature deaths annually. It advocates for the use of Health Impact Assessments (HIA) and tools like WHO's AirQ+ to quantify health burdens and drive policy. Through case studies from India, Singapore, the Philippines, South Africa, and Trinidad and Tobago, the document demonstrates the efficacy of solarising health centers, establishing inter-agency task forces, and using community-led litigation to enforce clean air standards.

The report "Aire limpio, vidas saludables" provides a policy roadmap for health systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, to integrate air pollution responses. It emphasizes the role of health ministries in leading intersectoral collaboration, utilizing health impact assessments, and strengthening infrastructure to mitigate the severe health and economic burdens of air pollution.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the role of transition finance in decarbonising high-emitting sectors, with a particular focus on Asia. It discusses the challenges emerging and developing economies face in accessing climate finance, the various transition taxonomies being developed in Asian markets, and the risks of 'transition-washing'. The document advocates for more robust guardrails, such as science-based targets and independent verification of corporate transition plans, to ensure financial flows align with the 1.5°C goal of the Paris Agreement.

This report by the Forum on Trade, Environment, & the SDGs (TESS) provides guidance on the design and implementation of trade-related circular economy policies and measures (TrCEMs). It aims to help governments create frameworks that achieve environmental and public health goals while minimizing trade costs and supporting fair transitions, particularly for developing countries.

This guide outlines the capacity building and technical assistance services provided by the Climate Bonds Initiative to help governments, municipalities, national development banks, and corporate entities issue climate-related labelled bonds and other sustainable debt instruments.

The report identifies three opportunities for Japan by 2025: enhancing energy security through rapid renewable energy expansion (targeting 60-70% by 2035), leading ASEAN in transition finance and resilience, and establishing Tokyo as a global transition finance hub. It strongly warns that LNG methane leakage makes it a riskier alternative than previously thought, noting that US LNG can have a higher GHG footprint than coal.

This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative outlines three strategic opportunities for Japan in 2025 to enhance energy security, establish global leadership in transition solutions, and position Tokyo as a hub for transition finance. It emphasizes the need for grid upgrades to unlock renewable energy, the adoption of science-based transition pathways for ASEAN partners, and the mitigation of methane leakage from LNG imports.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) has developed a set of customizable model contract clauses designed to help governments implement international best practices for responsible agricultural investment and advance sustainable development.

A report by the Climate Bonds Initiative and the Institute of Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) analyzing the state of the Japanese green finance market in 2021, covering green bond trends, unlabelled climate-aligned debt, and the evolving regulatory landscape for transition and sustainable finance.

This report analyzes the global development of green taxonomies, highlighting three main approaches: whitelist-based, technical screening criteria (TSC), and principle-based. It focuses on the alignment between the EU and China taxonomies, noting that while the EU emphasizes six environmental objectives and strict 'do no significant harm' (DNSH) criteria, China focuses on three broader objectives aligned with its national pollution and climate goals. The report emphasizes the Common Ground Taxonomy (CGT) as a tool to reduce market fragmentation and facilitate cross-border investment. It also discusses implementation, noting mandatory disclosure requirements in the EU and mandatory labeling for onshore green bonds in China.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative examines the role of taxonomies—systematic classifications of green assets—in supporting the growth of the green bond market. It discusses the challenges of identifying eligible assets, the emergence of national and regional guidelines, and the development of comprehensive frameworks by the European Commission and the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO).

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative, commissioned by SK Securities, analyzes the state of the climate bond market in Korea as of March 2018. It highlights that while Korea possesses a massive overall bond market and strong climate policy commitments, its specific climate bond market remains underdeveloped. The document identifies significant untapped potential for growth, outlines barriers to expansion, and provides comparative examples of regulatory and incentive-based successes in other global markets to suggest a roadmap for Korean policymakers and investors.

This fact sheet by the Climate Bonds Initiative outlines key public sector green bond policy developments in 2017 and projections for 2018. It highlights the rise of sovereign green bonds, the establishment of regional and national guidelines in Asia and Africa, the growth of the green sukuk market in Malaysia, and various financial incentives provided by governments to lower issuance costs and accelerate the transition to low-carbon infrastructure.

In 2017, global green bond issuance grew by 78% to reach USD 155.5 billion, driven largely by the US, China, and France. The market saw a significant increase in sovereign and sub-sovereign issuance, including the first African sovereign green bond from Nigeria. While renewable energy remains the most common use of proceeds, there was a notable rise in allocations for low-carbon buildings and energy efficiency. The report highlights a trend toward the diversification of financial instruments, such as Green MBS and Green Sukuk, and an ongoing effort to unify regional green finance standards.

This 2018 report by the Climate Bonds Initiative and IFC provides a comprehensive guide for emerging markets to develop green bond markets. It emphasizes the necessity of national guidance to ensure market integrity and alignment with climate goals, while highlighting the success of China's regulatory approach and the innovation of green sukuk in Malaysia and Indonesia. The report introduces a 'Green Bond Market Development Toolkit' to help regulators move from nascent to robust markets through structured milestones and capacity building.