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This research paper by Daniel Large for the South African Institute of International Affairs examines China's engagement in Sudan between the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) and the independence of South Sudan in July 2011. It analyzes how Beijing transitioned from a predominantly bilateral, oil-driven relationship with Khartoum to a more complex, multifaceted engagement that included diplomatic and development efforts in Southern Sudan and peacekeeping in Darfur.

This research paper analyzes the conflict in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan (1985–2002), attributing the insurgency to systematic marginalisation, inter-ethnic tensions, and national political decay. It highlights the orchestrating role of the Sudanese government and the SPLM/A and urges international pressure on the signatories of the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement to ensure stability in South Kordofan.

This policy briefing by the South African Institute of International Affairs analyzes the 2011 referendum in Southern Sudan and the mediation efforts led by former South African President Thabo Mbeki. It examines the potential post-referendum scenarios, the internal challenges facing Southern Sudan, and the broader implications for the African Union regarding colonial borders and secession.