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The study concludes that greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions contributed to the increased intensity and probability of heavy rainfall during the 2022 tropical storm events in Madagascar, Mozambique, and Malawi. While Tropical Storm Ana was a rare 1-in-50-year event for Mozambique and Malawi, Cyclone Batsirai was a more common 1-in-2-year event for Madagascar. The humanitarian impact was severely amplified by compound factors, including preceding floods, existing droughts in southern Madagascar, and high socio-economic vulnerability. Despite accurate forecasting by regional meteorological centers, infrastructure damage and a lack of trust in warnings hindered effective responses.

The document is a fact sheet listing various funding sources to mitigate the impacts of Covid-19. It categorizes funds by focal area, including human development, small, micro and medium enterprises (SMMEs), tourism, conservation, and agriculture. The list includes both South African national funds and global initiatives, detailing their target beneficiaries, available values, and application statuses.