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The assessment finds that while Somalia is modernizing its legal framework through the 2019 National Minerals Resources Policy and new environmental laws, its mining sector remains predominantly informal and artisanal. Key strengths include a clear fiscal regime for extractives and strong political will to align with international standards. However, significant gaps persist, including an outdated 1984 Mining Code, a lack of a comprehensive mining cadaster, unknown levels of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) activity, and the cultural exclusion of women from the sector. The report recommends enacting a new Mining Bill, establishing a robust mining inspectorate, and developing a formalization roadmap for ASM.

The Somalia National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Framework provides a roadmap for reducing national and local vulnerabilities to climate change. It emphasizes the integration of adaptation into the National Development Plan (NDP-9) and peacebuilding initiatives, recognizing that climate shocks exacerbate conflict and poverty. The framework outlines a whole-of-society approach, prioritizing gender-responsiveness, vertical integration between federal and state governments, and the mobilization of climate finance. It identifies the Directorate of Environment and Climate Change (DoECC) as the lead coordinator and proposes the establishment of a National Climate Fund and a dedicated monitoring and evaluation system to track progress.

The document argues that tensions between the Somali Federal Government (SFG) and regional actors over the creation of the Jubaland state—comprising Gedo, Middle Juba, and Lower Juba—threaten national stability. While Kenya and Ethiopia seek a buffer zone to secure their borders against Al-Shabaab, the SFG views the current process as unilateral and unconstitutional. The briefing warns that these disputes over governance, clan representation, and sovereignty create security gaps that Al-Shabaab can exploit, as evidenced by the group's rapid takeover of Huddur following Ethiopian troop withdrawals.