Search Climate Insights Directory

The report analyzes the growing U.S. electric school bus (ESB) market, noting that as of March 2022, 415 districts had committed to 12,275 ESBs. It details the benefits of ESBs, including zero tailpipe emissions and lower operational costs, while outlining the technical requirements for charging infrastructure and the variety of available vehicle types (Type A, C, and D). The guide also explores funding mechanisms, such as the $5 billion Clean School Bus Program, and provides a roadmap for fleet electrification.

The document highlights the critical role of youth activists in addressing the climate and economic crises, emphasizing that the burden of action should not fall on a single generation. It provides examples of youth-led initiatives, including students proposing climate legislation in Indiana, the global #FridaysForFuture movement, and legal challenges filed by young people in Portugal and Peru against government inaction regarding emissions and deforestation.

A coalition of 121 public interest groups and tribal communities is calling on the EPA to strengthen the Coal Combustion Residuals (CCR) Rule. They argue that current exemptions for 'legacy ponds' (surface impoundments at plants retired before October 19, 2015) and 'inactive landfills' (those that stopped receiving waste by that date) leave nearly a billion tons of toxic waste unregulated. The petitioners claim the EPA is in violation of a 2018 D.C. Court of Appeals order and its own statutory duties under RCRA to review regulations every three years. The document highlights specific contamination sites in Indiana, Tennessee, Florida, Puerto Rico, and Illinois, emphasizing that these pollutants disproportionately affect low-income and BIPOC communities.

The report finds that gas-fired power plants in MISO and SPP frequently operate at a loss, costing ratepayers an estimated $117 million in 2019. This uneconomic generation is most prevalent in steam turbines and gas turbines, often driven by practices like self-scheduling and self-commitment. The authors argue that these inefficiencies, combined with rising fuel costs and the growth of renewables, make gas-fired power an increasingly risky and expensive investment compared to clean energy portfolios.

The document argues that the EPA's Draft Strategy to Reduce Lead Exposures and Disparities in U.S. Communities is too tentative and fails to commit to the necessary regulatory changes to protect public health. The authors demand the strengthening of the Lead and Copper Rule, the adoption of health-based lead hazard standards for dust and soil, the phase-out of leaded aviation gasoline, and more rigorous cleanup of Superfund sites. They emphasize that lead exposure disproportionately affects communities of color and low-wealth populations, constituting a significant environmental injustice. The coalition calls for a 'whole of government' approach involving the FDA, HUD, and CDC to address lead in food, housing, and pediatric testing.

The report examines the historical and current trends of coal ash reuse, distinguishing between encapsulated uses (such as concrete and wallboard) and unencapsulated uses (such as mine reclamation and structural fill). While encapsulated reuse can reduce CO2 emissions, unencapsulated reuse is flagged as a high-risk practice that may serve as a loophole for unregulated disposal, potentially contaminating groundwater. The document advocates for the precautionary principle and legal classification of unencapsulated reuse as disposal to protect public health.

The analysis evaluates the economic output, value added, labor income, and employment generated by two different coal ash remediation strategies at two power plants in the Ohio River Valley. Using IMPLAN models, the study finds that 'clean closure' scenarios consistently produce higher economic output and employment than company-proposed plans, with the vast majority of job creation occurring during the initial construction and excavation phases.

The document examines the environmental and health risks of coal ash, one of the largest industrial waste streams in the US, and advocates for 'clean closure' (full remediation and excavation) over limited cleanup plans. Using case studies from the J. M. Stuart plant in Ohio and the Sebree Generating Station in Kentucky, the authors demonstrate that comprehensive cleanup generates significantly more jobs and economic output than utility-proposed plans. The report highlights that coal ash sites disproportionately affect low-income communities and communities of color, particularly in the Ohio River Valley, and recommends stronger EPA enforcement, polluter-pays funding, and the prioritization of dislocated workers in hiring.

The report examines the hazards of coal ash disposal, particularly in the Ohio River Valley, and advocates for 'clean closure' (excavation) over 'cap-in-place' methods. Through case studies of the Sebree Generating Station in Kentucky and the J. M. Stuart Station in Ohio, the authors demonstrate that comprehensive cleanup generates significantly more jobs and economic output than utility-proposed plans. The document highlights the disproportionate impact of coal ash pollution on low-income communities and people of color, and calls for stronger EPA enforcement and state-level regulations to ensure the safe removal of toxic waste.

Phosmet is a U.S. registered pesticide used in 40 states, primarily on orchards and grapes, and is currently under registration review. It is associated with serious health effects, including cancer, neurodevelopmental harm, and reproductive toxicity, with exposure occurring via food, drinking water, and occupational contact. The pesticide is applied to a significant percentage of several common crops, including peaches (55%) and nectarines (50%).

The briefing argues that meeting the US NDC target of 50–52 percent emissions reduction by 2030 requires the rapid retirement of fossil fuel assets, which risks placing high costs on ratepayers and frontline communities. It proposes amending Title XVII of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to establish a Clean Transition Financing Program. This program would use tools like low-cost direct loans, outcome-based impact bonds, and environmental risk insurance to reduce transition costs. Specifically, RMI estimates that a federal credit subsidy of $3 billion to $4 billion could save electricity ratepayers over $10 billion annually by refinancing fossil generation assets.

The document advocates for the complete removal of coal ash from storage ponds ("clean closure") rather than capping them in place. Based on studies of three power plants in South Carolina, Indiana, and Montana, the authors find that clean closures generate 2 to 7.5 times more positive economic impact for local communities than cap-in-place alternatives. The text highlights that 92 percent of coal ash ponds pollute groundwater above federal drinking water standards and that these burdens disproportionately affect low-income communities and people of color. It calls on the EPA, state officials, and Congress to enforce the 2015 Coal Combustion Residuals (CCR) Rule and provide financial resources for a just transition.

The report examines the rise of Dental Services Organizations (DSOs) in the United States, noting that 27 of the top 30 DSOs are owned by private equity firms. It argues that the private equity model, which seeks high returns over short horizons, creates perverse incentives leading to overtreatment, Medicaid fraud, and deceptive marketing. Through case studies of Aspen Dental, Benevis, and North American Dental Group, the document illustrates how revenue targets can lead to medically unnecessary procedures, such as root canals on infants, and highlights a lack of regulatory oversight in the industry.

The report examines Roark Capital's extensive portfolio of fast-food franchises, highlighting a pattern of wage and hour violations across brands like Dunkin' Donuts, Sonic Drive-In, and Jimmy John's. It argues that Roark faces significant legal liability due to a 2020 court ruling on joint employer status and operational risks stemming from labor shortages caused by poverty wages. Additionally, the document details Roark's lobbying efforts through Inspire Brands and the National Restaurant Association to oppose federal minimum wage increases.

The report estimates that retiring four nuclear plants in Illinois would lead to 1,200 to 2,700 premature deaths and $10 to $24 billion in monetized damages over ten years. Retiring two plants (Byron and Dresden) would result in 500 to 1,100 premature deaths and $4.4 to $10 billion in damages over the same period. These impacts are driven by increased PM2.5 emissions from fossil fuel plants used to offset the loss of zero-emission generation.

The report analyzes the trend of farmland consolidation—the shift toward larger, fewer farms—and its role in hollowing out rural communities. It finds that consolidation creates significant barriers for new farmers, particularly in the Midwest, and has disproportionately harmed Black farmers through a combination of market pressures and systemic racism. The author argues that reversing this trend is essential for rural revitalization and social equity, recommending national initiatives for land transition and the redress of historical land theft from BIPOC farmers.

The briefing discusses the application of securitization in US states to mitigate the financial and social risks of coal plant retirements. By replacing high-cost utility capital with low-interest bonds, states like Wisconsin, Michigan, and New Mexico have reduced ratepayer costs and provided funding for clean energy and community transition. The document highlights Colorado's legislation as a model for integrating consumer protections, worker assistance, and renewable energy reinvestment.

A coalition of over 450 organizations is calling for immediate federal legislative action to end systemic police violence against Black people in the United States. The letter identifies critical failures in police accountability, the dangers of militarized policing, and the lack of national data on use-of-force. It proposes eight specific legislative measures, including banning chokeholds, ending qualified immunity, and creating a national public registry of officer misconduct.

The report documents a crisis where approximately 77,000 people in federally assisted housing live on or near Superfund sites, arguing that environmental racism has historically driven the siting of affordable housing in contaminated areas. It identifies critical failures in interagency coordination between HUD and the EPA, including a lack of resident notification and inadequate housing inspections. Through case studies in East Chicago, Portsmouth, and other cities, the report illustrates the health impacts of lead and arsenic exposure and the struggle for community-led relocation. It concludes with comprehensive recommendations for interagency accountability, mandatory hazard disclosure, and the integration of health interventions for exposed residents.

The report analyzes the link between synthetic nitrogen fertilizer use in the Midwest and the formation of a hypoxic 'dead zone' in the Gulf of Mexico. It estimates that agricultural nitrogen losses have caused between $552 million and $2.4 billion in annual damages to Gulf fisheries and marine habitat ecosystem services since 1980. The authors argue that shifting to sustainable agricultural practices—such as cover cropping and conservation tillage—can reduce these losses, providing a significant return on investment by restoring marine productivity and improving soil resilience for farmers.