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This case study examines Ontario's phase-out of coal-fired electricity, focusing on the conversion of the Atikokan and Thunder Bay generating stations to biomass to mitigate local economic disruption. While the conversions initially preserved jobs and supported the forest products sector, the study notes a lack of preemptive just transition planning and the eventual closure of the Thunder Bay plant due to low energy demand.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes Ontario's successful phase-out of coal-fired electricity generation, which was completed by the end of 2014. The study examines the factors that enabled this transition—categorized as context, champions, concerns, and complementary policies—and evaluates the resulting impacts on greenhouse gas emissions, public health, and the economy.