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The report analyzes the energy transition of the Galápagos Islands, focusing on the total elimination of fossil fuels by 2040. It evaluates four demand sectors—residential, commercial/public, land transport, and maritime transport—and proposes three levels of policy ambition (Low, Medium, and High). Key strategies include replacing LPG with induction stoves and solar water heaters, electrifying land transport, and implementing a mix of slow steaming, wind-assisted propulsion, and biofuels for the maritime fleet. On the supply side, the report models the transition to 100% renewable electricity using solar PV, wind, Concentrated Solar Power (CSP), and geothermal energy. It concludes that while technological substitutions are generally cost-effective, structural infrastructure changes in buildings are not. The report also highlights the role of national subsidies and proposes an 'Eco Tax' for tourists to fund the transition.

The Kuwait Energy Outlook analyzes the country's heavy reliance on oil and gas for power and desalination, projecting energy demand and supply to 2035. Under a Business-as-Usual scenario, the report finds that while Kuwait plans to increase natural gas and renewable energy in its power mix, per capita emissions and energy demand remain among the highest globally. The report highlights critical challenges in the transport sector, where unchecked growth in oil demand is projected, and in the buildings sector, where energy inefficiency persists. It recommends the establishment of a 'National Champion' to coordinate energy strategy, the implementation of pricing reforms to reduce subsidies, and the improvement of national energy data collection.

The document analyzes the feasibility and impact of electrifying residential thermal uses in Colombia, specifically replacing gas stoves and water heaters with electric induction and instant heaters. Using a simulation model, it identifies economic, cultural, and technical barriers to adoption and argues that an immediate shift to total electrification is more cost-effective than a mixed transition. It highlights the risk of gas supply shortages by 2038 and recommends public policies, such as equipment substitution programs and local value chain strengthening, to accelerate a just energy transition.

The paper examines three state-level solar irrigation schemes in India to identify lessons for Tamil Nadu's implementation of PM KUSUM Component C. It highlights challenges in farmer financing, trust in solar technology, and the impact of feed-in tariffs on water conservation, while recommending robust monitoring and adequate tariff assessments.

Global rice production contributes between 500 and 800 million tons of CO2 equivalent annually, representing at least 1% of global GHG emissions. The report identifies water management techniques—such as alternate wetting and drying (AWD), single mid-season drawdowns, dry seeding, and aerobic rice production—as promising methods to reduce methane emissions by up to 90% and lower water use without necessarily compromising yields. However, adoption is hindered by limited farmer control over irrigation, lack of confidence in yield benefits, and insufficient financial incentives. Case studies from China, India, the Philippines, and the United States highlight that technical feasibility varies by region and irrigation method, with groundwater pumping areas offering the most immediate opportunities for implementation.