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The document presents a methodology for identifying potentially suitable degraded land for sustainable palm oil in Indonesia, specifically applied in West and Central Kalimantan. The approach uses a two-step process: a desktop analysis based on environmental, economic, social, and legal indicators, followed by rapid field assessments. This method is designed to align with RSPO standards, Indonesian law, and national REDD+ strategies. In a pilot application in West Kalimantan under Project POTICO, the method helped identify nine potentially suitable areas. Across West and Central Kalimantan, the initial desktop analysis identified approximately seven million hectares of potentially suitable land.

The case study argues that forests influence climate stability through biophysical processes—albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols—beyond the carbon cycle. In Chile, the loss of over 40% of forest cover, particularly the matorral in the central region, has likely contributed to local temperature increases and exacerbated the 'Mega Drought' (2010-2018). The authors propose enhancing Chile's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), Long-Term Climate Strategy, and REDD+ frameworks by incorporating non-carbon cooling effects as performance indicators and targets. They also suggest expanding the ARClim risk assessment platform to include deforestation-induced warming to better prioritize adaptation measures in agriculture and public health.

The document argues that forests influence climate not only through carbon sequestration but also through biophysical processes—albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols—which affect temperature and precipitation. In Chile, the conversion of native vegetation to crops and pastures has been linked to local surface temperature increases of up to 4°C. The authors suggest that Chile can enhance its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), Long-Term Climate Strategy, and REDD+ strategies by incorporating these non-carbon effects as performance indicators and adaptation goals. Specifically, they recommend prioritizing native species over exotic plantations to maximize cooling effects and utilizing the ARClim digital platform to identify areas at risk of non-carbon warming.

The report examines the non-carbon biophysical effects of forests—albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols—and their impact on local and global temperatures and precipitation. Using Chile as a case study, it highlights how deforestation of native vegetation, such as the matorral, has contributed to local surface temperature increases. The document proposes specific policy enhancements for Chile, including adjusting its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to favor native species over exotic plantations, expanding the ARClim risk assessment platform, and incorporating biophysical indicators into the National Strategy for Climate Change and Plant Resources (ENCCRV). It suggests that Chile's approach can serve as a model for other UNFCCC parties to recognize deforestation as a climate hazard beyond carbon emissions.

The GFI Guidance Manual establishes a framework for assessing forest governance by evaluating actors, rules, and practices against five principles of good governance: transparency, participation, accountability, coordination, and capacity. It provides a structured approach to designing assessments, collecting mixed-methods data, and analyzing results across six thematic areas: forest tenure, land use, forest management, forest revenues, cross-cutting institutions, and cross-cutting issues.

The document outlines how forests influence climate stability through four non-carbon biophysical processes: albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols. It argues that ignoring these effects leads to an undervaluation of tropical forests, as tropical deforestation contributes 50 percent more to global warming than carbon-only metrics suggest. The authors propose six specific mechanisms for UNFCCC Parties to integrate these effects into official processes, including GHG inventories, Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), REDD+ reporting, National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), the Global Stocktake, and the IPCC's 7th Assessment Report cycle.

The policy brief highlights that forests influence the climate through four key non-carbon biophysical processes: albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols. It argues that focusing solely on carbon underestimates the cooling value of tropical forests and ignores local temperature spikes caused by deforestation. The authors propose six specific ways for UNFCCC Parties to integrate these effects into national greenhouse gas inventories, Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), REDD+ reporting, adaptation planning, the Global Stocktake, and the IPCC's Seventh Assessment Report (AR7).

The briefing explains how forests influence climate through non-carbon biophysical processes—albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols—and proposes six specific mechanisms for the UNFCCC to integrate these effects into national reporting, NDCs, REDD+, adaptation planning, the Global Stocktake, and IPCC assessments.

The document outlines the importance of long-term strategies (LTS) as a link between shorter-term Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the Paris Agreement goals. It details six core elements of an LTS: a long-term vision, quantified mitigation goals, adaptation and resilience plans, pathways with interim milestones, monitoring and revision processes, and transparent communication. The guide emphasizes the role of civil society in holding governments accountable and ensuring a just transition, particularly in the context of economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.

The document outlines a comprehensive grant management regime for Norwegian-funded NGO projects, focusing on financial reporting, auditing, and procurement transparency. It includes a detailed five-year budget and results framework for the Global Forest Watch (GFW) initiative, which aims to reduce tropical forest loss through data-driven monitoring, accountability for global commitments, and the empowerment of forest defenders.

The document identifies over two billion hectares of global land suitable for restoration, primarily in tropical and temperate regions. It categorizes these opportunities into wide-scale, mosaic, and remote restoration, emphasizing that restoration is a complementary strategy to avoiding deforestation for sequestering carbon and improving ecosystem services.

WRI management acknowledges the 2012 external review's finding that the institute made important progress on its 2008-2012 Strategic Plan, particularly in establishing in-country presences in China, India, and Brazil. The response outlines achievements in communications, cross-program synergies, and staff diversity, while addressing the need for better integration and visibility for its forest work. Looking forward, WRI aims to balance its role as a 'think tank' and 'do tank,' strengthen its presence in Africa, and more consistently integrate development and poverty concerns into its environmental work.

The document critiques the limitations of carbon financing for reducing deforestation and forest degradation (REDD), noting that strict quantification requirements create barriers for countries with low historical deforestation, unpredictable drivers, or weak institutions. It proposes 'sustainable development policies and measures' (SDPAMs) as a broader alternative under the Bali Action Plan, allowing for non-greenhouse gas metrics to verify progress in areas like land tenure and firefighting. The report suggests that developed countries provide support for these actions and implement policies to curb the import of illegally sourced timber to address global demand drivers.

The document evaluates the evolution of REDD+ from local projects to jurisdictional approaches, noting that while national initiatives have improved forest monitoring and governance, most have failed to reverse absolute deforestation. It highlights the emergence of subnational jurisdictional strategies as a way to link climate incentives with sustainable supply chains and recommends a rights-based approach that prioritizes indigenous peoples and local communities.

Developed countries reported mobilising US$ 35 billion in Fast-Start Finance (FSF) from 2010 to 2012, exceeding the US$ 30 billion target. However, the report finds that much of this funding was not 'new and additional', often recycling existing pledges or ODA. Mitigation received the vast majority of funding (over 70%), while adaptation received only 18%. The distribution of funds closely mirrored traditional Official Development Assistance (ODA) patterns, showing weak correlations with recipient country vulnerability or greenhouse gas emission levels. The top five contributors—Japan, USA, UK, Norway, and Germany—accounted for nearly 80% of the total, with significant divergence in how they defined and reported eligible climate finance.

The report argues that while land restoration offers high economic returns—estimated at $7 to $30 for every dollar invested—it remains severely underfunded with an annual gap of approximately $300 billion. It identifies seven systemic barriers to investment, including the lack of market value for public benefits and long investment horizons. The authors recommend a cross-sectoral government approach, the use of carbon taxes to fund restoration, and the implementation of risk-mitigation tools like first-loss guarantees and tax credits to attract private capital. The document also provides a framework for economic valuation to make the full suite of ecosystem services visible to decision-makers.

The document explains that forests influence climate stability through four non-carbon biophysical processes: albedo, evapotranspiration, surface roughness, and aerosols. It highlights that tropical deforestation contributes 50% more to global warming than carbon accounting alone suggests and can increase local peak temperatures by over 7.6°C. The authors propose six specific actions for UNFCCC parties to integrate these effects into national GHG inventories, Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), REDD+ financing, adaptation planning, the Global Stocktake, and the IPCC's Seventh Assessment Report.

The Restoration Diagnostic is a three-step guide developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI) to increase the success rate of forest landscape restoration (FLR). By analyzing 16 historical case studies and peer-reviewed literature, WRI identified a suite of 'key success factors' categorized into three themes: motivation, enabling conditions, and implementation capacity. The diagnostic allows users to define a geographic scope, assess the status of these factors (in place, partly in place, or missing), and develop targeted strategies to close identified gaps. The tool is designed for mid-level managers in government, NGOs, and the private sector and serves as a component of the broader Restoration Opportunities Assessment Methodology (ROAM).

WWF US reviewed 151 NDCs from 179 countries to evaluate the integration of protected areas into national climate strategies. The analysis found that while 37% of countries explicitly mention protected areas, there is significant under-reporting of nature-based solutions, particularly regarding carbon sequestration and ecosystem-based adaptation. Developing nations generally demonstrated higher ambition than developed economies. The report provides five recommendations for Parties to enhance their NDCs, including setting measurable targets for area expansion and managing protected areas for future climate risks.

The report examines the environmental and social costs of global food production, specifically the conversion of natural ecosystems into agricultural land. It highlights the role of commodity markets and subsistence farming in driving deforestation and biodiversity loss, while presenting shrimp aquaculture as a potential model for conversion-free production through controlled intensification. The document calls for a collaborative effort between governments, companies, and civil society to implement traceability, regenerative agriculture, and comprehensive land-use planning to secure the planet's ecosystem services.