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The report argues that while hundreds of billions are spent annually on land use, most are 'business-as-usual' (BAU) investments that may increase climate vulnerability. To shift this, the authors propose three tools: the Landscape of Land Use Finance to map current flows and gaps; the Financial Viability-Gap Analysis to identify where public incentives can make green projects financially feasible; and the Public Finance Mapping tool to ensure policy coherence and identify BAU subsidies. These tools aim to help low and middle-income countries scale up private investment in green agriculture, forestry, and land management.

The report addresses the challenge of redirecting hundreds of billions of dollars spent annually on high-emission 'business-as-usual' (BAU) land-use activities toward sustainable 'green' alternatives. It argues that limited understanding of current financial flows inhibits effective public intervention. To solve this, the authors propose three tools: Land Use Finance Mapping to visualize current spending and identify gaps; Financial Viability Gap Analysis to determine why sustainable activities are not financially attractive and how public incentives can bridge that gap; and Public Incentive Mapping to ensure coherence across government policies and align them with sustainable production goals.

The report addresses the challenge of transitioning to low-carbon, productive land use by identifying gaps in the understanding of current financial flows. It argues that while hundreds of billions are invested in agriculture and forestry, most support non-sustainable practices. To remedy this, the authors introduce three tools: a financial flow mapping tool to visualize investments and actors, a financial viability analysis tool to identify and bridge the gap between 'green' and business-as-usual costs, and a public incentive mapping tool to ensure policy coherence and maximize private investment.