Crédito Afeta Desmatamento? Evidência de uma Política de Crédito Rural na Amazônia

The study finds that Resolution 3.545, which required proof of environmental compliance for rural credit, significantly reduced deforestation in the Amazon Biome. The policy prevented the loss of over 2,700 km² of forest by restricting approximately R$ 2.9 billion in credit. This effect was most pronounced in cattle-ranching municipalities, suggesting that livestock producers are more credit-constrained and dependent on subsidized loans to expand production into forested areas compared to agricultural producers.

• Resolution 3.545 led to a significant reduction in rural credit granting in the Amazon Biome, with an estimated R$ 2.9 billion (US$ 1.4 billion) in credit not contracted between 2008 and 2011.
• The restriction of rural credit under Resolution 3.545 prevented the deforestation of more than 2,700 km² of forest area, which represents a 15% decrease in deforestation for that period.
• The policy's impact on reducing deforestation was primarily significant in municipalities where cattle ranching is the main economic activity, whereas it did not affect deforestation in municipalities dominated by agricultural production.
• The resolution altered the distribution of credit contracts for livestock, decreasing the number of medium and large contracts while slightly increasing the number of small contracts.
• Small producers, particularly those in the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Pronaf), were less affected by the policy due to less rigorous requirements and specific exemptions.
• Borrowers anticipated the credit restrictions in 2008 by seeking early access to funds, evidenced by unusual credit peaks in April and June 2008 before the resolution became mandatory in July.

APA

Assunção, J., Gandour, C., & Rocha, R. (2013). Crédito Afeta Desmatamento? Evidência de uma Política de Crédito Rural na Amazônia. Climate Policy Initiative. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Does-Credit-Affect-Deforestation-Executive-Summary-Portuguese.pdf

Chicago

Assunção, Juliano, Clarissa Gandour, and Romero Rocha. Crédito Afeta Desmatamento? Evidência de uma Política de Crédito Rural na Amazônia. Climate Policy Initiative, 2013. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Does-Credit-Affect-Deforestation-Executive-Summary-Portuguese.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Assunção |first1=Juliano |last2=Gandour |first2=Clarissa |last3=Rocha |first3=Romero |title=Crédito Afeta Desmatamento? Evidência de uma Política de Crédito Rural na Amazônia |publisher=Climate Policy Initiative |date=January 2013 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Does-Credit-Affect-Deforestation-Executive-Summary-Portuguese.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{assuno2013crdito, author = {Assunção, Juliano and Gandour, Clarissa and Rocha, Romero}, title = {{Crédito Afeta Desmatamento? Evidência de uma Política de Crédito Rural na Amazônia}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2013}, month = jan, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Does-Credit-Affect-Deforestation-Executive-Summary-Portuguese.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }