Le rapport spécial du GIEC sur le changement climatique et les terres émergées

The document examines the reciprocal relationship between climate and land in Africa, highlighting how desertification and land degradation exacerbate food insecurity and poverty. It identifies specific risks for arid zones, the disproportionate impact on women and marginalized groups, and proposes integrated governance and sustainable land management practices to build resilience.

• Climate and land have a reciprocal relationship where land can act as both a source of greenhouse gas emissions and a carbon sink, and changes in land use can influence regional climates, including temperature and precipitation patterns.
• Desertification is a critical issue in Africa, affecting 46 out of 57 countries. The Sahara Desert expanded by 10% during the 20th century, and significant degradation has been recorded in major river basins, including the Niger (50%), Senegal (51%), and Volta (67%).
• Climate change is already reducing agricultural productivity across Africa, with declines in yields for staple crops such as maize, wheat, and sorghum. Global projections suggest that for every degree of warming, wheat yields will drop by 6%, rice by 3.2%, and maize by 7.4%.
• Land degradation significantly increases poverty and food insecurity. In Ghana, soil degradation led to a loss of $4.2 billion in agricultural income between 2006 and 2015, contributing to a 5.4% increase in the national poverty rate by 2015.
• Women and marginalized groups are disproportionately affected by land degradation due to gender-specific roles, such as the increased time women must spend collecting water. However, they also possess essential indigenous knowledge and leadership capacities for adaptation.
• Effective responses to desertification include integrated crop-soil-water management, rainwater harvesting, and the use of indigenous knowledge. The 'Great Green Wall' initiative aims to restore 166 million hectares in the Sahel by 2030, though it requires significant additional funding.
• Certain climate mitigation strategies, such as large-scale bioenergy production or non-native reforestation, can increase competition for land and potentially threaten food security if not managed according to 'good practices'.
• Sustainable land management requires integrated governance across sectors and scales, combining tools like crop insurance, community-led water planning, and secure land tenure to maximize development and adaptation benefits.

APA

Climate and Development Knowledge Network (2019). Le rapport spécial du GIEC sur le changement climatique et les terres émergées. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/IPCC-Land_Africa_French_WEB_7Apr2020.pdf

Chicago

Climate and Development Knowledge Network. Le rapport spécial du GIEC sur le changement climatique et les terres émergées. 2019. https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/IPCC-Land_Africa_French_WEB_7Apr2020.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Climate and Development Knowledge Network |title=Le rapport spécial du GIEC sur le changement climatique et les terres émergées |date=2019 |url=https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/IPCC-Land_Africa_French_WEB_7Apr2020.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{climateanddevelopmentknowledgenetwork2019rapport, author = {{Climate and Development Knowledge Network}}, title = {{Le rapport spécial du GIEC sur le changement climatique et les terres émergées}}, institution = {Climate and Development Knowledge Network}, year = {2019}, url = {https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/files/IPCC-Land_Africa_French_WEB_7Apr2020.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }